Globalisation enq 3

Question 1

Name four economic measures of globalisation and development

Answer 1

• GNI, gross national income
• GDP, gross domestic product
• Gini Coefficient - measures economic inequality in a population
• PPP, purchasing power parity

Question 2

Name four social measures of globalisation and development

Answer 2

• life expectancy
• adult literacy rate
• doctors per person
• HDI, human development index
• Rights for women
• Rights for LGBT
• Rights for ethnic groups

Question 3

Name four environmental/ other measures of globalisation and development

Answer 3

• carbon emissions
• green spaces
• freedom of speech
• environmental quality

Question 4

True or false

According to a 2019 study, the UK has more regional inequality than any other HIC

Answer 4

TRUE

Question 4

How is the UK trying to address the north south divide

Answer 4

devolution and relocation of work, such as the BBC at Salford Quays

Question 4

True or False

There is a growing gap between the rich and poor within HICs

Answer 4

TRUE

Question 5

Name four reasons how HIC’s can win from migration and global culture

Answer 5

• employers can fill jobs they are unable to fill
• migrants pay taxes and often return home before claiming a pension
• benefit from multiculturalism and food
• cheaper goods

Question 5

Name four reasons why HIC’s can loose from migration and global culture

Answer 5

• rapid migration can create social issues e.g. waiting times in GP’s
• requires management at government levels
• some people can hold xenophobic views
• growth of nationalist parties across Europe and US e.g. trumps make America great again and the golden dawn in Greece

Question 5

Define diaspora

Answer 5

a population scattered across the world

Question 6

What can Greater Manchester be described as

Answer 6

a ‘melting pot’ of culture as boroughs have significant ethnic groups such as Rusholme having a large Asian population

Question 7

How have we seen extremism as a backlash against globalisation in greater Manchester

Answer 7

• Manchester arena bomb 2017
• Boroughs overwhelmingly voted to leave the EU e.g. rochdale and oldham

Question 8

What are the five ways in which one can stop, prevent or reduce globalisaiton

Answer 8

• censorship
• limiting migration
• trade protectionism
• resource protectionism
• culture protectionism

Question 8

Describe censorship

Answer 8

Governments controlling flows of info through the control of global media e.g. North Korea

Question 8

What are two examples of limiting migration

Answer 8

Brexit, Trump Mexico wall

Question 8

Describe trade protectionism

Answer 8

governments deciding the amount of taxes, tariffs and quotas on global trade. This can reduce global business due to costs

Question 9

Describe resource protectionism

Answer 9

taking control of vital resources, fundamental to populations

Question 10

Example of resource protectionism

Answer 10

Nationalisation of energy in Venezuela

Question 11

Describe cultural protectionism

Answer 11

many indigenous groups have been exploited by colonialism and globalisation so want to fight against the exploitation of culture

Question 12

Example of cultural protectionism

Answer 12

Six groups of Canadian indigenous population - ‘First Nation’ fight against the exploitation of people and environment e.g. oil drilling

Question 13

What six environmental social, economic, env issues are we now aware of due to globalisation

Answer 13

• the impacts of climate change
• issues of worker exploitation
• our ecological footprints
• global health issues
• issues with plastic and other waste
• global war and conflict

Question 14

What are the three strategies that attempt sustainable globalisation

Answer 14

• localism and transition towns
• fair-trade and ethical consumption
• managing waste and recycling

Question 15

Define localism

Answer 15

The idea that globalisation is more sustainable by relying on local produce and businesses. Reducing air miles and prevents ‘shocks’ to supply.

Question 16

Give two examples of the strategy of localism and transition towns

Answer 16

• the incredible and edible todmorden
• climate hive Manchester - group challenging climate change and mitigation ideas, locally grown veg food bank

Question 17

Explain Fairtrade and Ethical consumption

Answer 17

Many small businesses struggle to compete against global TNCs. Fairtrade aims to return a bigger proportion of the revenue to the producers or growers

Question 18

Give three examples of fair trade products

Answer 18

• bananas, 1/3 bananas sold are Fairtrade in UK, they ensure minimum wages and improve work conditions
• coffee producers use fair-trade premiums to invest in tech, yield and productivity. Many supermarkets such as Asda and cafes such as Starbucks now stock this
• Beauty treatments, increased beauty product farms in Brazil

Question 19

Name five challenges of/to fair trade

Answer 19

• not all shoppers will pay more for ethical goods
• fair trade still work with large TNCs to distribute money to farmers
• difficult to ensure workers receive benefits
• many people unaware/ unconcerned with ethical working conditions
• other ethical projects are difficult to measure success e.g. Nike

Question 20

Describe managing waste and recycling

Answer 20

• due to globalised consumerism and growing incomes, waste is a serious issue as many products are sent to landfill

Question 21

What has been used to combat waste

Answer 21

recycling

Question 21

What are the 4 negatives of recycling in UK

Answer 21

• uk recycling rates significantly below Europe
• products have to eb designed to be recyclable
• new materials may need research to help recycling
• recycling is still energy intensive, reusing and reducing are better options

Question 21

What three things are direct consequences of managing waste and recycling

Answer 21

• using up valuable land, socio economic impacts
• increased carbon emissions
• electronics sent abroad, laws more relaxed - this can lead to environmental and healthy impacts