Globalisation enq 3 Flashcards
what are the impacts on development and how are players responding
Name four economic measures of globalisation and development
- GNI, gross national income
- GDP, gross domestic product
- Gini Coefficient - measures economic inequality in a population
- PPP, purchasing power parity
Name four social measures of globalisation and development
- life expectancy
- adult literacy rate
- doctors per person
- HDI, human development index
- Rights for women
- Rights for LGBT
- Rights for ethnic groups
Name four environmental/ other measures of globalisation and development
- carbon emissions
- green spaces
- freedom of speech
- environmental quality
True or false
According to a 2019 study, the UK has more regional inequality than any other HIC
TRUE
How is the UK trying to address the north south divide
devolution and relocation of work, such as the BBC at Salford Quays
True or False
There is a growing gap between the rich and poor within HICs
TRUE
Name four reasons how HIC’s can win from migration and global culture
- employers can fill jobs they are unable to fill
- migrants pay taxes and often return home before claiming a pension
- benefit from multiculturalism and food
- cheaper goods
Name four reasons why HIC’s can loose from migration and global culture
- rapid migration can create social issues e.g. waiting times in GP’s
- requires management at government levels
- some people can hold xenophobic views
- growth of nationalist parties across Europe and US e.g. trumps make America great again and the golden dawn in Greece
Define diaspora
a population scattered across the world
What can Greater Manchester be described as
a ‘melting pot’ of culture as boroughs have significant ethnic groups such as Rusholme having a large Asian population
How have we seen extremism as a backlash against globalisation in greater Manchester
- Manchester arena bomb 2017
- Boroughs overwhelmingly voted to leave the EU e.g. rochdale and oldham
What are the five ways in which one can stop, prevent or reduce globalisaiton
- censorship
- limiting migration
- trade protectionism
- resource protectionism
- culture protectionism
Describe censorship
Governments controlling flows of info through the control of global media e.g. North Korea
What are two examples of limiting migration
Brexit, Trump Mexico wall
Describe trade protectionism
governments deciding the amount of taxes, tariffs and quotas on global trade. This can reduce global business due to costs
Describe resource protectionism
taking control of vital resources, fundamental to populations
Example of resource protectionism
Nationalisation of energy in Venezuela
Describe cultural protectionism
many indigenous groups have been exploited by colonialism and globalisation so want to fight against the exploitation of culture
Example of cultural protectionism
Six groups of Canadian indigenous population - ‘First Nation’ fight against the exploitation of people and environment e.g. oil drilling
What six environmental social, economic, env issues are we now aware of due to globalisation
- the impacts of climate change
- issues of worker exploitation
- our ecological footprints
- global health issues
- issues with plastic and other waste
- global war and conflict
What are the three strategies that attempt sustainable globalisation
- localism and transition towns
- fair-trade and ethical consumption
- managing waste and recycling
Define localism
The idea that globalisation is more sustainable by relying on local produce and businesses. Reducing air miles and prevents ‘shocks’ to supply.
Give two examples of the strategy of localism and transition towns
- the incredible and edible todmorden
- climate hive Manchester - group challenging climate change and mitigation ideas, locally grown veg food bank
Explain Fairtrade and Ethical consumption
Many small businesses struggle to compete against global TNCs. Fairtrade aims to return a bigger proportion of the revenue to the producers or growers
Give three examples of fair trade products
- bananas, 1/3 bananas sold are Fairtrade in UK, they ensure minimum wages and improve work conditions
- coffee producers use fair-trade premiums to invest in tech, yield and productivity. Many supermarkets such as Asda and cafes such as Starbucks now stock this
- Beauty treatments, increased beauty product farms in Brazil
Name five challenges of/to fair trade
- not all shoppers will pay more for ethical goods
- fair trade still work with large TNCs to distribute money to farmers
- difficult to ensure workers receive benefits
- many people unaware/ unconcerned with ethical working conditions
- other ethical projects are difficult to measure success e.g. Nike
Describe managing waste and recycling
- due to globalised consumerism and growing incomes, waste is a serious issue as many products are sent to landfill
What has been used to combat waste
recycling
What are the 4 negatives of recycling in UK
- uk recycling rates significantly below Europe
- products have to eb designed to be recyclable
- new materials may need research to help recycling
- recycling is still energy intensive, reusing and reducing are better options
What three things are direct consequences of managing waste and recycling
- using up valuable land, socio economic impacts
- increased carbon emissions
- electronics sent abroad, laws more relaxed - this can lead to environmental and healthy impacts
