Global Development

Question 1

What is economic development?

Answer 1

An increase in a country’s wealth.

Question 2

What is social development?

Answer 2

A number of changes that impacts the population’s lives.

Question 3

What is political development?

Answer 3

Improvements in political stability or freedom for the people choosing the government.

Question 4

What is cultural development?

Answer 4

Improvements in cultural relations and rights.

Question 5

What factors contribute to the human development of a country?

Answer 5

Technological improvements.

Economic improvements.

An inprovement in food and water security.

Social improvements.

Cultural improvements.

Question 6

What is the primary sector?

Answer 6

Extractive industries like fishing or farming.

Question 7

What is the secondary sector?

Answer 7

Manufacturing industries.

Question 8

What is the tertiary sector?

Answer 8

Service industries and jobs like teaching or nursing.

Question 9

What is the quarternary sector?

Answer 9

Financial services and telecommunications.

Question 10

What is a development gap?

Answer 10

The difference between wealthy and poor areas of the world.

Question 11

What is a north-south divide?

Answer 11

A difference in development and wealth in different geographical locations.

Question 12

What is total GDP?

Answer 12

The total value of goods and services produced in a country in a year.

Question 13

What is human development index? (HDI)

Answer 13

A comparative measure of different aspects of life between countries or regions.

Question 14

What are measures of inequality?

Answer 14

These are ways of measuring inequality/equality in a country.

Question 15

What is the Corruptions Perceptions Index?

Answer 15

The perceived corruption in governments and the public sector.

It is perceived as corruption is hidden and not easily quantifiable.

Question 16

What is gross national income?

Answer 16

The value of all the goods and services produced in a country during a year.

Question 17

What is a mineral?

Answer 17

A solid, naturally occuring non-living substance.

Question 18

What are fossil fuels?

Answer 18

A naturally occuring fuel like coal, oil or natural gas formed by the remains of dead organisms over millions of years.

Question 19

What is tectonic activity?

Answer 19

The movement of tectonic plates around the Earth.

Question 20

What are spacial variations?

Answer 20

Differences in something on the Earth’s surface.

Question 21

What physical variations have led to variations in global development?

Answer 21

Climate - some areas have higher average rainfall and temperature to support life.

Natural resources - some areas have more than others, increasing the amount of trade a country can trade.

Landlocked countries - they do not have sea access, thus trade is infrequent and the economy develops slowly.

Natural hazards - Floods, tectonic activity and droughts occuring more frequently prevents rapid development.

Question 22

What are the historic reasons for variations in development?

Answer 22

Some countries colonised areas which provided resources for the mother country, taking resources from the colony.

Trading partnerships have allowed certain countries to develop quickly.

Politically stable countries develop more quickly as they do not have to spend money fighting insurgency or other factions.

Question 23

What economic reasons for variations in development are there?

Answer 23

World trade - developing countries sell primary products to developed countries. These get manufactured. Manufactured goods generate more profit making the developed world richer.

Infrastructure - Countries infrastructure allows for industry to develop faster.

Foreign investment - This can improve infrastructure, allowing development to occur at a faster rate.

Question 24

What physical factors have led to uneven development in the UK?

Answer 24

The south is flatter.

The south and east have a better climate

The midlands and North have more natural resources

The south and east are closer to trading partners.

Question 25

What historical factors have led to uneven development in the UK?

Answer 25

The seat of government is in the south

Most ships from the colonies sailed into the south

Question 26

What economic factors have led to uneven development in the UK?

Answer 26

Infrastructure is greater in the south

Foreign investment is higher in south cities like London.

Question 27

What is employment structure?

Answer 27

The numbers of people employed in each sector of industry.

Question 28

What are the impacts of uneven development on quality of life?

Answer 28

Access to housing is low

Food and water security is low in some places

Unemployment may be high

Healthcare may be too expensive for some

Literacy rates may be low in areas

Technology may not be widespread

Question 29

What types of international aid are there?

Answer 29

Bilateral aid

Multilateral aid

Official and voluntary aid

Voluntary aid

Inter-governmental agreements

Question 30

What is bilateral aid?

Answer 30

Aid given from one government to another, only two countries are involved.

Question 31

What is multilateral aid?

Answer 31

When developed countries give money to international organisations like the World Bank.

Question 32

What is official and voluntary aid?

Answer 32

When governments provide money that charities can bid for to develop aid projects.

Question 33

What is voluntary aid?

Answer 33

Money raised from donations and charities, from organisations like OXFAM.

Question 34

What are inter-governmental agreements for aid?

Answer 34

Where developed countries agree to provide aif for developing countries.

Question 35

What are advantages of top-down projects?

Answer 35

The country develops faster due to the size of projects.

It is more likely to achieve its aims.

It is sometimes the only way to gather funds for projects.

It is a way of helping urban populations.

Question 36

What are the limitations of top-down projects?

Answer 36

The country will go into debt

The debt may allow other countries to hold leverage over them.

The end product is expensive to maintain.

Much building work is done by machines, so jobs aren’t created.

Locals have little to no say.

Question 37

What are the advantages of bottom-up projects?

Answer 37

It is likely to achieve aims as it is run by locals.

The end product is cheaper to maintain.

It is a way of helping the rural poor.

Local people decide.

Appropriate technology is used.

Question 38

What are the limitations of bottom-up projects?

Answer 38

The country will develop less slowly

It doesn’t help most people as it is localised.