Case Studies - Tropical Cyclones Flashcards
What example of a cyclone do we use for highly developed countries?
Hurricane Sandy, USA in 2012.
What example of a cyclone do we use for developing or emerging countries?
Typhoon Haiyan, Philippines.
How many people in the USA died as a result of Hurricane Sandy?
150 people killed, 72 directly from the hurricane.
What social impacts were there on the USA by Hurricane Sandy?
Around 200,000 homes were destroyed, with New York declaring 30-40,000 people were made homeless.
Electricity lines were damaged, affecting around 8 million residents and forcing many to evacuate.
Schools were also closed for several days.
What was the cost of Hurricane Sandy on the USA?
65 billion USD in property damage, in New York alone 18 billion USD.
What economic impacts did Hurricane Sandy have on the USA?
The government had to pay for diesel and petrol to be brought in as supplies ran out.
Loss of income from cancelled events.
Businesses were lost due to the damage, with an estimated job loss of 30,000.
15,000 flights were cancelled to the East Coast and disrupted international trade.
What was the environmental impact of Hurricane Sandy on the USA?
1.5 billion tonnes of untreated sewage from flooded areas around New Jersey and New York City contaminated the Raritan river.
Many coastal reserves were damaged like at the Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge.
In some areas up to 10 metres of beach were lost, exposing more land to coastal erosion and losing habitats.
300,000 gallons of oil was spilled into New Jersey waterways.
How many people in the philippines died and how many homes were evacuated as a result of Typhoon Haiyan?
6201 people died, 1.1 million homes were lost.
What were the social impacts of Typhoon Haiyan on the Philippines?
More than 4 million people were displaced, over 2 months later, 21,000 families were still in 380 evacuation centres, waiting to be rehoused by the government.
28626 casualties occured as a result of a lack of aid. The UN feared a spread of disease due to a lack of food, water, shelter and medication.
How many people were affected in the Philippines by Typhoon Haiyan?
Over 16 million.
What were the economic impacts of Typhoon Haiyan on the Philippines?
13 billion USD cost, Tacloban city decimated.
Major sugar and rice producing areas decimated.
Between 50,000 and 120,000 tonnes of sugar and over 130,000 tonnes of rice were lost.
The government estimated 175,000 acres of farmland was damaged.
What were the environmental impacts of Typhoon Haiyan on the Philippines?
Loss of forests and trees and widespread flooding.
Oil and sewage leaked into local ecosystems. Lack of sanitation in days following led to higher pollution levels.
Coconut plantations levelled (a major part of the economy as they are the biggest exporter of coconut oil).
Fishing communities severely affected.
What were the responses by individuals to Hurricane Sandy?
Residents evacuated.
There was a concert for relief efforts.
Donations to the Red Cross.
Communities supported each other and helped with rescue and rebuilding.
Blood was needed and many donated.
What organisational responses were there to Hurricane Sandy?
Flight cancellations were put in place.
National park service closed at least five sections.
Power companies attempted to prevent long term power failures by being prepared to repair storm damage and by having employees work longer hours.
American Red Cross provided 7,000 emergency shelters across the region.
Direct Relief provided medical supplies to support medical relief and recovery efforts.
FedEx transported medical supplies to affected areas for free.
What governmental responses were there to Hurricane Sandy in the USA?
FEMA provided 7,000 people to establish Disaster Recovery Centres and gave over 600 million USD in direct assistance to individuals impacted by the storm.
National Guard and US Air Force put as many as 45,000 personnel on personal duty in response.
Closures and cancellations of activities in schools.
Rails and buses were cancelled.
New York set up a new local government office to support the rebuild.