Bristol - Changing Cities (Developed City) Flashcards
What are the two suburb types?
Inner and Outer suburbs. Inner suburbs have low density housing and many of these houses are detached or semi-detached. Outer suburbs have houses that are larger and many are detached, having larger gardens and garages due to more land being available.
What is re-urbanisation?
Re-urbanisation is the movement of people back into a city or developed area after a city has been modernised.
What is Bristol’s connectivity?
Bristol is well connected due to historical trade with Portugal and Spain and trade settlements in the transatlantic slave trade. In the mid 18th century, Bristol was England’s 2nd largest city due to its trading position. Bristol was a major part of the slave triangle. Bristol is connected to London and Cardiff with the M4, Birmingham and Exeter through the M5 and has Avonmouth as its largest port. Bristol Airport is also only 20 mins from the CBD.
What is the site of Bristol?
Bristol originally developed on the confluence of the river Frome and the river Avon. The settlement began to spread up the river and the hills between them.
What is the situation of Bristol?
Bristol is situated to the south of the Cotswolds and to the north of the Mendips. Bath is 20km South-East and Newport is 25km North across the Severn estuary.
Where are the oldest buildings found in Bristol?
The oldest building like cathedrals were made in the CBD, from which the city expanded into the suburbs.
What is Bristol’s demography like?
Whilst most people are White British at 78%, the number of pupils who are not White British has increased from 31% in 2011 to 38% in 2021. 15% of people live in the 10% most deprived areas in the UK and this includes 19,000 children. The population is young, with 16-24 year olds making up a large percentage of the population.
What has happened to migration to and from Bristol?
Natural change has decreased from 3000-3100 in 2014-16 to 2300-1900 in 2018-20, mainly due to a falling birth rate and consistent death rate. A net 1300 people entered Bristol internally in 2014-15 whereas a net 200 people left Bristol in 2019-20 due to a decrease in economic growth and the rise of Home-working. The number of international migrants has decreased from a net influx of 2500 in 2014-15 to only 800 in 2019-20, due to harsher border control after Brexit and economic stagnation.
What are the positives of migration to Bristol?
It provides a variety of cultures, foods and ideas which makes others aware of other ways of life and this can lead to increase in skill diversity and the number of skilled workers.
What are the negatives of migration into Bristol?
Facilities may have to be built to accommodate for those who don’t speak English and to provide for people who cannot work with skills useful to the economy, draining taxpayer money. Furthermore, this could lead to a strain on the housing market.
What is decentralisation?
The movement of shops, offices and industry away from urban centres into retail parks in the suburbs.
How do companies HQ in Bristol?
They have a headquarters in Bristol but produce goods in other countries where labour is less expensive, for example M&S have their labour force in Portugal.
What is globalisation?
The growing international interdependency for resources, relying on other countries’ goods to run the country.
What are technological advances?
When technology and infrastructure improve over time, changing job markets and industry. This allows Bristol to be connected to everywhere via the internet.
Why was the Mall created where it was?
It was created in 1998 near to major population centres on the urban-rural fringe to attract a lot of people due to a lower commuting distance. Due to the growth of online shopping however, sales in the mall have decreased as online shopping is more convenient.
How does the quality of life compare between Filwood and Stoke Bishop?
Filwood has a life expectancy of 76.6 years for males whereas Stoke Bishop has a life expectancy of 81.6 years for men. The crime rate is 114.1 per 1000 in Filwood whereas it is only 44.9 in Stoke Bishop. The percentage of people satisfied with their area is only 52.3% in Filwood whereas it is 94.6% in Stoke Bishop. Stoke Bishop has 19.5% of people 65+ whereas Filwood only has 10.15%. On the other hand, Filwood has much more of a juvenile population, 21.45% being under 16 whereas only 14.2% are under 16 in Stoke Bishop. All of these factors demonstrate how their is a much higher quality of life in Stoke Bishop.
Why is there wealth inequality between wards of Bristol?
- The main type of job is generally different depending on the area and thus the average income. 2. Infrastructure quality may give people in certain areas advantages over those in less developed places. 3. The number of migrants taken in depends on the place. The higher the number, the higher the strain on services and the housing market, decreasing average wealth. 4. Some areas may have lower standards of education, decreasing opportunities for the future.
What is the impact of Bristol City Council’s recycling policies, like providing different waste bins across the city for recycling?
As a result, Bristol is the UK’s city with the highest percentage of recycling, at over 50% in 2011 and still increasing. This means that people in Bristol have less litter on the streets and produce less of a carbon footprint.
How has Bristol’s unemployment rate impacted quality of life?
Bristol’s low unemployment rate of 8% means that the economy is healthy and people who are homeless or on benefits make up a smaller proportion of the population, decreasing stress on social services.
How has Bristol’s health and education schemes affected quality of life?
As part of the 20:20 plan, education standards were promised to be raised, this means there is more public awareness of health and more people who can enter jobs.
How has car sharing improved Bristol’s quality of life?
Car sharing has meant traffic is less in times of normally extensive traffic, thus there is a lower carbon footprint and a lesser effect of climate change. This also means that people can meet new people through car sharing more easily than before,
How have Bristol’s cycling lanes increased quality of life?
Bristol’s increased cycling capacity has meant that it is the city with the most cyclers in the UK, decreasing carbon footprint due to less cars and increasing public health.
How has Bristol’s bus lanes helped increase standards of living?
Most roads in Bristol have bus lanes, making more people use the bus and thus decreasing the number of cars on the road and thus traffic and carbon footprint.
How has energy-efficient housing improved quality of life?
Grants have been made available for loft insulation, and the council works with British Gas to lower prices, thus people do not need to worry as much about the cost of their gas bill or whether they can stay warm, especially in low income households.
What was the original settlement of Bristol built on?
It grew on the confluence of the River Avon and River Frome.
Where did the settlement of Bristol expand to?
It spread up the river valleys and hills.
Why did Bristol grow?
Due to it being connected to the Severn Estruary and thus the open ocean, it is able to trade easily and this lead to large economic growth during the Transatlantic Slave Trade.
Where are other cities in relation to Bristol?
Bath = 20km southeast
Gloucester = 50km northeast
Newport = 25km northwest
Exeter = 100km southwest
Swindon = 50km east
London = 150km east
