Case Studies - Sustainable Management Flashcards
What country do we use as a case study for sustainable management in rainforests?
Costa Rica.
How is direct government action encouraging sustainability in Costa Rica?
In 1979, the government passed legislation giving tax deductions and grants to owners of rainforest if they conserved the environment. The government issues protection certificates and pays landowners 50 USD annually for every hectare of rainforest they use.
In 1995, the government set up national parks to protect 18% of the territory. Areas protected have very high biodiversity.
The government has decentralised decisions about management and allows separate areas to manage differently.
What did the Costa Rican government do in 1997 to promote sustainability?
It introduced the Certificate for Sustainable Tourism for businesses who commit to sustainbility.
How has ecotourism increased sustainability in Costa Rica?
In 1983, an ecotourism project started in the Braulio Carrillo National Park. The idea was to show how valuable the rainforest is. It looks after 485 hectares and indirectly protected another 1000,
How have NGO projects increased sustainability in Costa Rica?
FUNDECOR has used a 10 million USD grant from USAID to work with landowners to help them manage the rainforest sustainably. In 2014, they worked with 400 landowners who owned approximately 46000 hectares of land in the Central Volcanic Mountain Region.
How have private reserves increased sustainability in Costa Rica?
A 10500 hectare reserve was founded in the 1950s with a very large amount of biodiversity. It now encourages ecotourism but restricts numbers and promotes sustainability. It is called the Montevere Cloud Forest Reserve.
How has the World Land Trust charity promoted sustainability in Costa Rica?
This project was to conserve the rainforest but also work with local farmers. It purchased over 2000 hectares of land. The trust promoted small-scale ecotourism and commerce.
How have Carbon Credits encouraged sustainability in Costa Rica?
Costa Rica is using its rainforet as a commodity by selling these to wealthier countries to allow them to use more fossil fuels. Costa Rica can earn money from this, promoting more sustainability. In 1999 it generated 20 million USD for the country.
How have deforested areas been used to promote sustainability in Costa Rica?
They are used to support the economy, in Talamanca the land is being used in farming to produce commercial crops like bananas and cocoa.
What example do we use for promoting sustainable management in deciduous forests?
The New Forest, Hampshire.
How has woodland management been used to manage the New Forest sustainably?
New trees are planted to replace cut down trees.
Pesticide use limited to prevent damage.
Work is restricted between April and August, minimising disturbances to nesting birds.
Bikes and electric car hire promoted.
How has the National Park Authority helped promote sustainable management in the New Forest?
Landowners funded to plant native tree species.
Awareness has been raised on the importance of sustainability.
Local landowners get grants to help improve biodiversity in their woodlands.
How has the Green Leaf Tourism Scheme encouraged sustainability in the New Forest?
Businesses use local products, encouraging walking and cycling and set aside 10% of land for local wildlife.
How big is the New Forest National Park?
480km2 approximately.
How many people live in the New Forest area?
175,000 people.
