Challenge 2 Flashcards
What is the two speed economy?
The idea that there is a divide in growth and development between the north and the south.
There is faster growth in the south so people move from north to south
What solutions are there to the two speed economy?
High speed rail link (HS2), between London and the North.
Investing in better transport to make it easier to move products and workers.
Improve connections to northern airports to encourage investment from abroad.
What are the pros and cons of greenfield sites?
Pros
The layout not restricted by previous development.
Healthier environment as on the edges of cities.
Attractive scenery.
Cons
Valuable farmland or recreational land is lost.
Roads and infrastructure may be old and narrow.
Wildlife may be disturbed.
Causes noise and pollution in the countryside.
Encourages suburban sprawl.
What are the pros and cons of brownfield sites?
Pros
Reduces the loss of the countryside and land that is agricultural or leisure.
Helps to revive old and disused urban areas.
Services like water, electricity, gas and sewage already in place.
Located near to main areas of employment.
Relatively cheap and rates of house building are faster.
Cons
Often more expensive as old buildings have to be cleared.
Higher levels of pollution.
Often surrounded by run down areas.
What are greenfield sites?
Sites that haven’t been built on before
What are brownfield sites?
Sites that have previously been built on.
What is an emigrant to the UK?
A person who leaves the UK to settle elsewhere.
What is an immigrant?
A person who leaves a different country to enter the UK.
What is net migration?
The overall migration of people (immigration - emmigration) into or out of a country.
What is an economic migrant?
A person who moves country for greater economic opportunities like a greater job.
What is a social migrant?
A person who moves country due to social problems, like war.
What is the main reason for people moving from the EU to the UK?
For a definite job
What is the main reason for non-EU nationals moving to the UK?
Study
What are the 5 countries with the most immigrants to the UK?
India
China
Romania
Poland
Spain
What are the 5 countries with the most emigrants from the UK?
Australia
France
China
Poland
Spain
What are the different views of stakeholders on migration?
Businesses need workers for profit
Hospitals need workers.
Some people think jobs are being taken.
Local people feel the UK becomes multi-cultural, which they think is a good thing.
Some may think migrants abuse the social benefits system.
Some think there is a pressure on housing and education.
Migrants can bring useful skills.
Migrants working here can pay taxes.
What difficulties are there with migration statistics?
The census is taken every 10 years, it is only an estimate between censuses.
Some people come in temporarily and leave, affecting numbers.
There was free movement from the EU, so they didn’t show up on records.
There are illegal migrants without being accounted for.
What positives and negatives has TNC investment had in the South-East?
Positives
Greater number of jobs
Higher wages, higher wealth
Higher quality of life
Negatives
Smaller businesses outpriced by big firms
TNCs encourage trade, leading to more traffic, increasing levels of air pollution.
House prices rise
What is a stakeholder?
A person with an interest or concern with something
What has happened to net migration since the 1970s?
It has sharply increased from a net negative 50000 to a net positive 300000
Give some examples of how growth rate has varied throughout the UK?
10.6% increase in housing prices in London compared with a 1.6% decrease in the North-East and a 0.8% increase in the North-West
What was the problem with the HS2 rail link?
It has not reached all of the areas like Glasgow or Edinburgh and only Birmingham.
