Glands of the endocrine system

Question 1

hormones secreted by pineal gland (1)

Answer 1

melatonin

Question 2

hormones secreted by pitutary gland (9)

Answer 2

GH, TSH, ACTH, FSH, MSH, LH, prolactin, oxytocin, vassopressin

Question 3

hormones secreted by hypothalmus (6)

Answer 3

TRH, CRH, GHRH, dopamine, somatostatin, vassopressin

Question 4

hormones secreted by thyroid + parathyroid (4)

Answer 4

T3, T4, calcitonin, PTH

Question 5

hormones secreted by thymus (1)

Answer 5

thymopoitin

Question 6

hormones secreted by stomache (5)

Answer 6

gastrin, ghrelin, histamine, somatostatin, neuropeptide Y

Question 7

hormones secreted by liver (2)

Answer 7

IGF, THPO

Question 8

hormones secreted by pancreas (3)

Answer 8

insulin, glycagon, somatostatin

Question 9

hormones secreted by kidneys (3)

Answer 9

calcitriol, renin, erythropoietin

Question 10

hormones secreted by adrenal gland (4)

Answer 10

androgens, glucocortidoids, adrenaline, non-adrenaline

Question 11

hormones secreted by ovaries / placenta (2)

Answer 11

oestrogen, progesterone

Question 12

hormones secreted by uterus (2)

Answer 12

prolactin, relaxin

Question 13

hormones secreted by testes (3)

Answer 13

androgens, estradoil, inhibin

Question 14

what regulates the pituitary gland?

Answer 14

neurons and hormones excreted in hypothalamus

Question 15

structure of pitutary

Answer 15

connected to hypothalmus (in brain) via infundibular, has 2 sections: anterior + posterior pitutary divided by the pans inter media

Question 16

anterior pitutary

Answer 16

• a pocket of cells
• neuropeptide hormones enter via cappilaries from posterior pituatary and stimulate/inhibit hormone release
• produce TROPHIC hormones (control activity of other galnds + hormone release)

Question 17

posterior pituatary

Answer 17

• an extention of hypothalamus
• part of NS as axons extend down into it
• produce NEUROPEPTIDE hormones which build up in nerve terminals before release into BS

Question 18

thyroid gland

Answer 18

• butterfly shaped
• 2 lobes w. thymus connecting anterior to trachea
• produce LIPID-SOULABLE hormones

Question 19

parathyroid glands

Answer 19

4 small islands embedded on posterior of thyroid gland

Question 20

adrenal glands

Answer 20

• located at apex of kidneys

- have inner medulla (hormones affect whole body) and outer cortex (release STEROIDS + LIPID-SOULABLE hormones)

Question 21

pancreas

Answer 21

• exocrine (pancreatic juice into duodeum) + endocrine (hormones of inlets of langerhaus cells)
• langerhaus cells have 3 types: alpha (producing glucogen), beta (producing insulin), delta (producing somatostatin))

Question 22

what is hyperthyroidism

Answer 22

overactive thyroid resulting in too much T3 + T4 production

Question 23

what is hypothyroidism

Answer 23

underactive thyroid resulting in not enough T3 + T4 production