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Geography > GIEL2 > Flashcards

GIEL2 Flashcards

1
Q

wat development, how measure

A
  1. economic, social, political process
  2. may result, increase Standard of Living -> population
  3. economic indicator GDP
  4. social indicator Life Expectancy, Adult Literacy Rate
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2
Q

wat sustainable development?

A
  1. (meet diverse needs), present, ensure future gen ()
  2. high standard living all
  3. econ, env, society
  4. overfocus 1 dimension -> others overlooked
  5. more emphasis on which domain, vary, place, time
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3
Q

econ sustainability how achieve (neighborhood)

A
  1. high enf population density, support local business, goods, svcs, sufficient demand transport, infrastructure cost low
  2. local business employment, stream, income, increase standard living
  3. lower buildings/transport’s connecting infastructure, buildings/stations close each other, decrease costs
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4
Q

social sustainability how achieve (neighborhood)

A
  1. ensure residents feel included
  2. sense, shared identity
  3. urban neighborhood population kept small = interactions (btwn same ppl, so that they recognise each other) regular
  4. majority problems faced, mundane, day-to-day issues
  5. residents come tgt discuss issues, find solns, various challenge
  6. open communication, reduce misunderstandings, positive relationships
  7. every zone, designated, regular activities, voice opinion -> issues
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5
Q

env sustainability how achieve (neighborhood)

A
  1. ample protection nature
  2. facilities support waste minimisation, recyling
  3. energy, water efficient design approaches, buildings
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6
Q

env sustainability
a__ p__ n__

A

ample protection nature
1. wildlife thrive, urban spaces
2. human-wildlife coexsistence
3. concerted efforts, protect exsisting nature species, re-establish species, once existed
4. wide variety habitats, neighborhood, instead of jst uniform areas grass
5. diff variety, species trees -> wide variety food -> wide variety species thrive

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7
Q

env sustainability
f__ s__ w__ m__, r__

A

facilities support waste minimisation, recycling
1. conviniently locate, recycling facilties, infrastructures (blue recycling bins) -> residents recycle
2. high enf population density neighborhood -> worth it economically 2 recycle

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8
Q

env sustainability
e__, w___ e__ d___a___ b___

A

energy, water efficient design approaches, buildings
1. minimise use, rescources
2. smart tech, eco-friendly features

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9
Q

define ecosystem

A

geographic area
living communities, non-living environments, interact -> bubble of life

urban neighborhoods regarded ecosystem

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10
Q

describe ecosystems

A
  1. vary, size
  2. depend one another, directly, indirect
  3. ppl integral part
  4. dynamic interactions ppl <-> other parts, ecosystem
  5. human activities indirect/direct pos/neg change
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11
Q

ecosystem svcs

A
  1. benefits nature -> ppl
  2. produce by living, non-living communities, ecosystems
  3. critical survival
  4. optimise when healthy, thriving natural env

provision, regulate, cultural, supporting

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12
Q

wat are provisioning ecosystem svcs

A
  1. tangible rescources, ecosystems (water, food)
  2. food, obtained, agricultural activities
  3. natural ecosystems in urban neighborhood can achieve this
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13
Q

wat are regulating ecosystem svcs

A
  1. regulate ecosystem process -> benefits
  2. work tgt, ecosystem functional, clean, sustainable, adaptable
  3. i.e. microclimate, flood, air quality regulation // climate regulation

microclimate flood air -> urban neighborhood ecosystem
climate -> natural ecosystem

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14
Q

wat cultural ecosystem svcs

A
  1. intangible benefits ppl -> ecosystems
  2. i.e. aesthetic appreciation, stress-relieving activities opportunity
  3. phys, mental health
  4. memories (social grp) -> strengthen sense of place
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15
Q

wat supporting ecosystem svcs

A
  1. necessary, all other ecosystem svcs function
  2. soil formation, photosynthesis
  3. soil form allow human activity of agriculture
  4. soil, essential habitat, billions microorganisms, contributes biodiversity
  5. photosynthesis, plants absorb co2, release o2, maintain Earth o2 conc.
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16
Q

define hazards

A
  1. process, phenomenon, loss of life, health impacts,
  2. socio-economic impacts
  3. natural/man-made
  4. volcanic/traffic hazards
17
Q

fire hazards causes, impacts

A

cause
unattended cooking, faulty wiring, ignite nearby flammable materials
non residential, residential areas

impact
1. injuries, fatalities
2. dmg infastructure

res -> cook nvr off fire
non res -> haphazard wires strewn arnd

18
Q

impacts of fire
h__ i__

A

health impacts
1. suffer burn injuries
2. disabilities, deaths
3. carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide high conc.,

Volcano -> Sulfur dioxide (precious materials like sulfur mining)

Fire -> carbon monoxide (no precious materials so sorry)

19
Q

impacts of fire
p__ d__

A

further costs inccured,
repair, rebuild properties

20
Q

air pollution

A
  1. presence of containment, pollutant substances -> air, dosent disperse properly
  2. infere w/ human health, welfare
  3. caused by burning vegetation/motor emissions
21
Q

air pollution
h__ i__

A

health impacts
1. respiratory infections
2. nitrogen dioxide -> high rates asthma (children) -> lung funct decline -> (adults)
3. PM2.5 -> soot, smoke, dust (particulate matter), produced, urban neighborhoods -> poor health

22
Q

nitrogen dioxide emitted from

A

vehicles

23
Q

traffic hazards

A
  1. speeding
  2. red light running
  3. drink-driving
  4. irresponsible
24
Q

traffic hazards
h__ i__

A
  1. suffer serious injuries
  2. loss of life, disabilities
  3. elderly -> high %tage
25
Q

environmental stewardship

A
  1. actions taken, individual, grp -> protect, care env,
  2. use env for -> social/env outcome
  3. conserve existing natural rescources, env
  4. build sustainable urban neighborhood
  5. promote volunteerism, let residents k wat they do, env
  6. diff stakeholders diff knowledge rescource expertise, work tgt
26
Q

disaster risk

A
  1. likelihood, dmg, properties, injuries, deaths during disaster
  2. nature of hazard: Characteristics
  3. vulnerability: conditions determined -> social, env, phys factors
  4. exposure: situation ppl, belongings -> hazard-prone areas
  5. interactions -> all factors -> disaster risks
27
Q

disaster risk managment

A
  1. plans, actions -> minimise disaster risk
  2. strengthen community resilience
  3. reduce neighborhood exposure, hazards
  4. vulnerability, ppl, properties -> hazards
  5. improve resident’s emergency prepardness
  6. monitoring, warning systems
28
Q

community resilience

A

resist, adapt, recover from impacts, disasters timely
1. strengthen relationships residents, raise awareness, potential hazards
2. make sure residents -> organise, equip themselves, recover, disaster

29
Q

community resilience
s r r, r a, p h

A

strengthen relationships residents, raise awareness, potential hazards

  1. disaster risk plans -> widespread support, long-term cooperation, participation
  2. get to know neighbors -> depend on one another emergency
30
Q

community resilience
m s r -> o, e t, r, d

A

make sure residents -> organise, equip
themselves, recover, disaster

  1. inclusive planning process (all stakeholders i.e. civil society organisations)
  2. minimise potential hazards, better understand risks, adapt

Geography (13 decks)

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