Climate 1 Flashcards
Weather definition, what it involves
State of atmosphere, particular place, short time
- air temperature
- cloud cover
- precipitation
- wind speed, direction
day-to-day changes
more spontaneous changes
Climate defintion, what it involves
Average state, atmospheres, particular place, >25yrs
- tropical equatorial
- tropical monsoon
- cool temperature
longer term
more consistent
tropical equatorial climate characteristics
equator
- generally high temp (27deg)
- small annual temp range, 2-3deg
- > 2000m annual precipitation, even rainfall
singapore got no season
tropical monsoon climate characteristics
- 25deg
- 3-4deg
- 1500mm
- distinct wet, dry seasons
all other points same as tropical equatorial
these countries have seasons
cool temperature climate
all seasons
- 4 distinct seasons
- 21deg annual temp range
- 300-900mm annual precipitation
- even rainfall
location tropical equatorial climate
10deg North
10deg South
equator
location tropical monsoon climate
5deg North
30deg North
5deg South
30deg South
equator
location cool temperature climate
45deg North
60deg South
45deg South
60deg North
equator
what does climograph show
avg monthly temp, rainfall (1yr)
wat cause climatic hazards
their impact
- natural, human induce cause
- weather patterns, predictable -> unpredictable (many places)
- extreme weather event
Natural, human system significant
how does air temp vary
in a day / in a year
in a day
day/night
in a year
seasons
air temp variation in 1 day
more minute changes,
usually occur day/night
Earth’s rotation on own axis
1 complete rotation = about 24h
Different tropics/regions, Earth
https://docs.google.com/document/d/12rAwkWXiw5RGFDGpRY3RhY_ab2Cs2ZpI7u36Bog2OvM/edit?tab=t.0 page 9
https://docs.google.com/document/d/12rAwkWXiw5RGFDGpRY3RhY_ab2Cs2ZpI7u36Bog2OvM/edit?tab=t.0 page 10
How does air temp work in relation 2 rotation of Earth?
- earth rotate, side face Sun, day, recieve solar radiation, experience higher temp
- side eventually face away, rotation, dosent recieve solar radiation experience night time, experience lower temp
3 diff times of day
- midday
- before, after midday
- before sunrise
https://docs.google.com/document/d/12rAwkWXiw5RGFDGpRY3RhY_ab2Cs2ZpI7u36Bog2OvM/edit?tab=t.0 page 11
Midday
1. sun position
2. solar radiation
3. temperature
over year
revolutions + seasons
- directly overhead
- smaller surface area hit, more concentrated
- highest of whole day
SG
23-25-31-33
before, after midday
1. sun position
2. solar radiation
3. temperature
- not directly overhead
- larger surface area hit, less concentrated
- lower than midday
SG
23-25-31-33
before sunrise
1. sun position
2. solar radiation
3. temperature
aka night
- does not recieve solar radiation, loses heat for longest time, form of longwave radiation
- lowest
SG
23-25-31-33
longwave radiation emitted from ground
air temp variations (year) cause
aka seasons
- earth revolution arnd sun
- 23.5deg Earth axis tilt
- hemispheres recieve diff amt solar radiation across yr
Template for Temperature at different seasons.
- At month, N/S/Neither Hemisphere
leans towards Sun - higher/lower direct solar radiation
- experience hotter/colder/moderate temp
- NH (spring/autumn), SH (autumn/spring)
Step 2 if Summer/Winter
Step 4 if Autumn/Spring
relative humidity calculation
Amt water vapor (g)/(max cap water (g) air can hold at that temp) * 100%
Rh accurate indication of moisture in air/rainfall?
Rainfall
- Rh also affected by temp,
- when Rh = 100%, about 2 rain
i.e. Rh = 100%
Summer, hotter, air more water capacity: 60 Arbitary unit
Winter, colder, air less water capacity: 10 Arbitary unit
1 type of cloud in syllabus
Culmulonimbus clouds
