Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

425 - sys path > GI - SI & LI pt 3 > Flashcards

GI - SI & LI pt 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Johne’s disease
1. AKA what?
2. cause?
3. transmission?

A
  1. bovine paratuberculosis
  2. Mycobacterium avium ssp. Paratuberculosis (MAP)
  3. fecal-oral, milk, colostrum, water
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Johne’s disease: clinical signs and signalment?

A

chronic diarrhea, emaciation, hypoproteinemia

signalment: domestic ruminants > 18 mos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Johne’s disease: gross lesions?

A

segmental cerebelliform thickening of the intestine

ileum > cecum and proximal colon

enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes and vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Johne’s disease: histo lesions?

A

infiltration of lamina propria by lots of macrophages

macrophages contain acid-fast bacilli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

This is the ileum of a cow. What is the lesion? What is the disease? What is the etiology?

A

segmental cerebelliform thickening of intestine
Johne’s disease
Mycobacterium avium ssp Paratuberculosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Johne’s disease is linked to what human condition?

A

Crohn’s disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In small ruminants, what gross lesion is most prominent with Johne’s disease?

A

lymphadenitis > intestinal lesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the etiology of porcine proliferative enteropathy?

A

Lawsonia intracellularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

porcine proliferative enteropathy:
1. species?
2. signalment?
3. what does the bacteria target?

A
  1. pigs > horses, deer, rabbits, dogs, primates, hamsters
  2. 3wks to adult
  3. distal SI (ileum) and LI
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

porcine proliferative enteropathy: gross lesions?

A

cerebelliform thickening of the intestine
necrotic enteritis
proliferative hemorrhagic enteropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

These are two examples of pig intestines (distal SI and LI). What disease process causes these lesions?

A

Porcine proliferative enteropathy caused by Lawsonia intracellularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the etiology of swine dysentery?

A

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the gross lesions of swine dysentery? what is the signalment?

A

mucohemorrhagic to fibrinous colitis
restricted to LI

8wks-adult pigs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

These are pig large intestines. What is the lesion? What is the most likely diagnosis? What is the etiology?

A

Mucohemorrhagic to fibrinous colitis
Swine dysentery
Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Potomac Horse Fever:
2. etiology?
4. time of year? why?
5. intermediate hosts infect what animals?
6. what should you look at in the farm if you diagnose with this disease?

A
  1. Neorickettsia risticii
  2. summer. requires trematode intermediate host
  3. snails & aquatic insects
  4. standing water in the paddock
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Potomac Horse Fever: gross lesions

A

fluid filled large bowel with foul odour (SI affected to lesser extent)
marked edema (distal limbs, laminitis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the new species that causes Potomac Horse Fever?

A

Neorickettsia finleia sp. nov.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

You see this specimen during a necropsy of a horse (large bowel). The horse also had laminitis and distal limb edema, and in the large bowel you took out quite a bit of foul smelling fluid. What is your diagnosis?

A

Potomac Horse Fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Is Salmonella zoonotic?

A

YES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Salmonella: what does it cause?

A

enterocolitis or septicaemia, diarrhea in any age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Salmonella: gross lesions?

A

fibrinonecrotizing or catarrhal enteritis and typhlocolitis

multifocal button ulcers

yellow or green feces with foul odour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Tell me what each salmonella entity causes.
1. S. typhimurium in pigs
2. S. dublin in cattle
3. S typhimurium in horses

A
  1. chronic rectal strictures
  2. antibiotic treatment and hospitalization
  3. fibrinous cholecystitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

You see this small intestine in necropsy and note the button ulcers present. What is your primary differential diagnosis?

A

Salmonella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV): what are the outcomes of infection?

A
  1. fetal infection (death, abortion, persistent infection, congenital abnormal.)
  2. Classical BVD (immunocompetent animals > 6mo, non-cytopathic form, high morbidity low mortality, mild oral ulcers and erosions)
  3. Severe avute BVD (BVDV2, high morbidity, high mortality, sudden death, diarrhea, pneumonia)
  4. mucosal disease (developed by PI animals through mutation or infection with cytopathic form)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Bovine viral diarrhea virus: gross lesions?

A

erosions and ulcers in mouth, rumen, abomasum, cecum/colon

interdigital dermatitis and coronets

linear esophageal ulcers

necrosis and hemorrhage over Peyer’s patches

diarrhea

enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

This is the esophagus of a cow. What is the lesion? What is the cause of the lesion?

A

linear erosions/ulcers in esophagus

bovine viral diarrhea virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the most important cause of malassimilation and losing protein in dogs? Which breeds are predisposed to this?

A

Lymphangiectasia

Yorkshire terriers, Norwegian Lundehund

27
Q

Gross lesions of lymphangiectasia in the GIT?

A

dilated lacteals (white spots on mucosa)
mucosa segmentally thickened
dilated lymphatic vessels

28
Q

histo lesions of lymphagiectatia in the GIT?

A

dilated lymphatic vessels at the centres of villi

29
Q

This is the colon of a horse. What is the lesion/disease process? How do you expect this will manifest clinically?

A

Lymphangiectasia

malassimilation and losing protein

30
Q

What are the causes of lymphangiectasia?

A

congenital: Yorkies and Norwegian Lundehund
acquired: inflammation or neoplasia leading to lymphatic obstruction; idiopathic

31
Q

What the heck is going on!?

A

Lymphangiectasia

32
Q

Histiocytic ulcerative colitis of boxers:
2. signalment?
3. clinical signs?

A
  1. young boxers & French bulldogs (and other breeds)
  2. chronic, frequent, blood mucoid diarrhea, with weight loss cachexia
33
Q

What are the gross lesions of histiocytic ulcerative colitis of boxers?

A

thickened ulcerated colon

34
Q

What are the histo lesions of histiocytic ulcerative colitis of boxers?

A

infiltration of the submucosa by macrophages

35
Q

What is the cause of histiocytic ulcerative colitis of boxers?

A

immune mediated, but associated with specific invasive strains of E. coli

36
Q

Your patient, a Boxer named Tullymully, presents with chronic, frequent, bloody mucoid diarrhea and cachexia. Tullymully’s owner is ✨Super Rich✨ and opts for a colonoscopy to see what his colon looks like. You find ulcers there. What is your primary differential? What is the etiology?

A

Histiocytic ulcerative colitis of boxers
specific invasive strain of E. coli

37
Q

Idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
1. clinical or pathological syndrome?
2. signalment/species?
3. targeted tissues?
4. histo lesions?
5. what can it progress to? in what species/breeds?

A
  1. clinical
  2. cats & dogs > horses > cattle (boxers, basenjis, German shepherds, Irish setters predisposed)
  3. SI, but can affect colon and stomach too
  4. chronic lymphoplasmacytic inflammation
  5. intestinal lymphoma in cats and basenjis
38
Q

NSAID Induced Right Dorsal Colitis:
1. signalment?
2. which organ?
3. cause?
4. gross lesions?

A
  1. equine
  2. right dorsal colon
  3. ischemic damage
  4. ulceration of colon and stomach (also oral ulcers and renal papillary necrosis)
39
Q

This is the right dorsal colon of a horse. What caused this? What is the disease process called?

A

NSAID toxicity
NSAID induced right dorsal colitis

40
Q

Name 4 organs that can be negatively affected by NSAIDs in horses?

A

Stomach
Kidney
Mouth
Colon

41
Q

What is the common paraneoplastic syndrome with anal sac adenocarcinoma?

A

Hypercalcemia of malignancy

42
Q

What are the benign epithelial intestinal neoplasias that we have to know?

A

Rectal papillary adenomas (aka polyps)

anal hepatoid gland adenomas (aka perianal adenoma)

43
Q

What are the malignant epithelial intestinal neoplasias that we have to know?

A

Adenocarcinomas (rectal, anal gland)
- anal sac adenocarcinoma

44
Q

what are the benign mesenchymal intestinal neoplasias that we have to know?

A

Leiomyomas
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST)

45
Q

what are the malignant mesenchymal intestinal neoplasias that we have to know?

A

lymphoma
mast cell tumors

46
Q

what is the #1 intestinal tumor in cats and dogs? is it benign or malignant?

A

lymphoma
malignant

47
Q

with intestinal lymphomas, which has a better prognosis: small cell or large cell? Which one do cats get?

A

small cell
cats get small cell (T cell) lymphomas

48
Q

What da heck is that?!?!?!

A

anal sac adenocarcinoma in a dog

49
Q

What are the 3 components of triaditis in cats?

A

Pancreatitis, cholangitis, enteritis

50
Q

Pancreatitis:
1. dogs vs cats?
2. acute or chronic ?
3. cause?

A
  1. dogs > cats
  2. both
  3. idiopathic, breed predispositions (mini schnauzers), dietary indiscretion, blunt trauma (sx)
51
Q

What is the most common exocrine pancreatic disorder?

A

pancreatitis

52
Q

pathogenesis of pancreatitis?

A

release of digestive enzymes leading to autodigestion

53
Q

gross lesions of pancreatitis?

A

hemorrhage and congestion
edema
saponification of fat

54
Q

This is a pancreas. What is the lesion? What is the disease process called?

A

Saponification of fat
pancreatitis

55
Q

This is a pancreas. What’s the pathology?

A

Pancreatitis

56
Q

This is a bird. What is the organ? What is the diagnosis?

A

pancreas
pancreatitis

57
Q

what is steatorrhea?

A

increased fat in feces

58
Q

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency: signalment?

A

dogs > cats (predisposed for female house pets)

59
Q

What are the two forms of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency?

A

congenital and acquired

60
Q

What is congenital exocrine pancreatic insufficiency called? Which breeds are predisposed?

A

Juvenile pancreatic atrophy
German shepherds, rough-coated collies, chows, English setters

61
Q

gross findings of juvenile pancreatic atrophy?

A

loss of fat
distended bulky intestines
loss of pancreatic tissue

62
Q

what can acquired exocrine pancreatic insufficiency cause?

A

pancreatitis, toxic injury (zinc, drugs, etc)

63
Q

What is the classic source of zinc poisoning in animals?

A

ingestion of pennies

64
Q

you are doing a necropsy on a 7mo old German Shepherd named Doglas. This is what you find near the stomach and duodenum. What is going on?! (poor Doglas)

A

juvenile pancreatic atrophy

65
Q

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma:
2. common or rare?
3. aggressive?

A
  1. rare
  2. yes. metastasis common. Carcinomatosis

425 - sys path (38 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions