GI Drugs Flashcards
neutralizes stomach acids
SE: diarrhea-constipation (cancels each other)
aluminum hydroxide, MgOH
greatly suppresses nocturnal acid secretion, H2 blocker
SE: gynecomastia
cimetide
irreversible blockade of H+/K+ ATPase
DOC for peptic ulcer disease and Zollinger Ellison syndrome
omeprazole
prokinetic agent, antiemetic,
DOC for diabetic gastroparesis
metoclopramide
osmotic laxative, treatment of hepatic encephalopathy
lactulose
stimulant laxative
SE: melanosis coli (umiitim ang colon)
senna
opioid antispasmodic
DOC for noninfectious diarrhea
SE: paralytic ileus (in children)
loperamide
mnemonic:
MAGnesium hydroxide causes diarrhea (MAGtatae ka!)
ALUMinum hydroxide causes constipation (Ayaw LUMabas)
mnemonic:
MAGnesium hydroxide causes diarrhea (MAGtatae ka!)
ALUMinum hydroxide causes constipation (Ayaw LUMabas)
regimen for eradication of H. pylori infection (triple therapy)
“MBT”
metronidazole + bismuth subsalicylate + tetracycline
or
ranitidine bismuth citrate + tetracycline + clarithromycin/metronidazole
or
omeprazole + clarithromycin + metronidazole/amoxicillin
regimen for eradication of H. pylori infection (quadruple therapy)
"TOMB" tetracycline omeprazole metronidazole bismuth subsalicylate
[anti-neoplastic agents]
G2 phase
bleomycin
[anti-neoplastic agents]
M phase
vinblastine
vincristine
paclitaxel
[anti-neoplastic agents]
S phase
cytarabine 6-mercaptopurine 6-thioguanine methotrexate hydroxyurea etoposide
[anti-neoplastic agents] G0 phase (cell cycle nonspecific agents)
alkylating agents antitumor antibiotics nitrosureas (lomustine, carmustine) cisplatin
[alkylating agents]
treatment of lymphomas
SE: hemorrhagic cystitis,
rescue agent: Mesna
cyclophosphamide
[alkylating agents]
for lymphoma (MOPP)
SE: marked vesicant actions (skin blistering)
mechlorethamine
[alkylating agents]
treatment of colon cancer
SE: ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
rescue agent: amifostine
cisplatin
carboplatin
[alkylating agents]
for lymphoma
SE: disulfiram reaction, leukomogenesis
procarbazine
[alkylating agents]
testicular and ovarian tumors,
most specific for the G2 phase
SE: pulmonary fibrosis, bone marrow-sparing
bleomycin
[alkylating agents]
treatment of brain tumors
SE: CNS toxicity
carmusitne
[anti-metabolites]
treatment of lymphomas and GTN
SE: myelosuppression, pulmonary fibrosis,
rescue agent: leucovorin (folinic acid)
methotrexate
[anti-metabolites]
treatment of acute leukemias
SE: myelosuppression, hepatotoxicity, metabolism inhibited by allopurinol
6-mercaptopurine
[anti-metabolites]
treatment of colorectal and skin cancer, causes thymine-less death of cells
SE: myelosuppression
5-fluorourscil
[anti-metabolites]
treatment of CML in blast crisis, most specific for the S phase of the cell cycle
cytarabine
[anti-metabolites]
inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, treatment of pancreatic cancer
gemcitabine
[plant derivatives]
vinca alkaloid, prevents microtubule assembly
SE: peripheral neuropathy
vincristine
vinblastine (cause bone marrow suppression)
[plant derivatives]
podophyllotoxin, inhibits DNA topoisomerase II, treatment of lung cancer, non- hodgkin’s lymphoma and GTN
etoposide
[plant derivatives]
camptothecin, inhibits DNA topoisomerase I, treatment of small cell lung cancer
topotecan
[plant derivatives]
taxane, prevents microtubule disassembly, advanced breast and ovarian cancers
paclitaxel
[anti-tumor antibiotics]
intercalating agent
SE: dilated cardiomyopathy
rescue agent: dexrazoxane
doxorubicin
[anti-tumor antibiotics]
treatment of melanoma, Wilms tumor and GTN
actinomycin D
Drugs causing Pulmonary Fibrosis
"BBBAN Me" bleomycin busulfan bromocriptine amiodarone nitrofurantoin methotrexate
[antineoplastics]
tyrosine kinase inhibitor, treatment of CML
SE: fluid retention, multiple drug interactions
imatinib
[antineoplastics]
treatment of metastatic breast cancer, active against cells expressing HER-2/neu
trastuzumab
[antineoplastics]
inhibits VEGF, treatment of metastatic cancers
bevacizumab
[antineoplastics]
differentiation therapy, treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia, only vitamin that can cure cancer
all trans retinoic acid
vitamin A
Is the first available substance P antagonist used for the prevention of both sudden and delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting
Aprepitant
Used to stimulate appetite in patients with cancer-related cachexia
Megestrol
Used in treatment of AIDS wasting, specifically to increase appetite
Dronabinol
Effective for nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy
Granisetron
