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Board Exam > Geophysics > Flashcards

Geophysics Flashcards

1
Q

He discovered Uranus.

A

William Herschel

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2
Q

He proposed the geocentric model.

A

Aristotle

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3
Q

He proposed the heliocentric model.

A

Aristarchus

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4
Q

Volume of Earth

A

1.0832 × 10^21 m3

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5
Q

Mass of Earth

A

5.9736×10^24 kg

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6
Q

Mean Density of Earth

A

5.515×10^3 kg

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7
Q

Area of Earth

A

5.10×10^14 m2

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8
Q

An empirical formula to express the approximate distances of the planets from the Sun

A

Bode’s Law

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9
Q

Rate of increase of Earth-Moon distance.

A

3.7 cm/yr

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10
Q

Distance between Earth and Moon

A

384,400 km

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11
Q

Enumerate the Milankovitch cycles and the periods

A

Eccentricity: 100,000 years
Precession: 26,000 years
Obliquity: 41,000 years

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12
Q

The flattening ratio of the Earth

A

1/298

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13
Q

A method in geophysics used to image sections of the Earth’s subsurface using different geophysical surveys

A

Tomography

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14
Q

Directly measures small differences in the strength of gravity. What is its accuracy?

A

Gravimeter. Accuracy: 0.1 mgal

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15
Q

Gravity correction done by repeatedly recording readings from a fixed “Base Station” throughout the day.

A

Drift Correction

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16
Q

Gravity correction that accounts for the gravitational attraction of the mass above sea level datum. Assumes the topography is flat.

A

Bouguer Correction

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17
Q

Periodic gravity variation correction caused by the combined effects of Sun and Moon.

A

Tidal Correction

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18
Q

Utilizes one current electrode and one potential electrode at a specific distance a.

C1-a-P1

A

Pole-pole

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19
Q

Utilizes two current electrodes separated by a distance, a, from two potential electrodes separated by distance, a. The distance between two Cs and Ps are given by na.

C2-a-C1-na-P2-a-P1

A

Dipole-dipole

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20
Q

Utilizes two paired current and potential electrodes separated by distance a, with each pair also separated by distance a. Potential electrodes are closer to each other while current electrodes are farther from each other.

C1-a-P1-a-P2-a-C2

A

Wenner

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21
Q

Utilizes two paired current and potential electrodes separated by distance na, with each pair separated by distance a. Potential electrodes are closer to each other while current electrodes are farther from each other.

C1-na-P1-a-P2-na-C2; a<na

A

Schlumberger

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22
Q

Describe the Eotvos effect when an object is moving against and along Earth’s rotation.

A

1.) Moving against Earth’s rotation = lesser upward centrifugal force = object weigh less
2.) Vice versa

23
Q

_________ and __________ fused together to form the supercontinent Laurussia

A

Baltica and Laurentia

24
Q

He visualized the heavens as a celestial sphere that surrounded the flat Earth.
a. Anaximander
b. Claudius Ptolemy
c. Nicolas Copernicus
d. Eratosthenes

A

Anaximander

25
Q

He estimated the Earth’s circumference
a. Anaximander
b. Claudius Ptolemy
c. Nicolas Copernicus
d. Eratosthenes

A

Eratosthenes

26
Q

He proposed the geocentric model
a. Anaximander
b. Claudius Ptolemy
c. Nicolas Copernicus
d. Eratosthenes

A

Claudius Ptolemy

27
Q

Is the largest dwarf planet in the Solar System, what is the 2nd largest dwarf planet?

A

Pluto (1st)
Eris (2nd)

28
Q

is the largest object in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, and it’s the only dwarf planet located in the inner solar system.

A

Ceres

29
Q

is the largest of the five known natural satellites of Pluto

A

Charon

30
Q

Calculated the accurate values of the parameters of Earth’s orbit.
a. Carl Friedrich Gauss
b. Lord Charles Cavendish
c. Keith Edward Bullen
d. Tycho Brahe

A

Tycho Brahe

31
Q

Created a model of the internal structure consisting of 7 concentric shells.
a. Carl Friedrich Gauss
b. Lord Charles Cavendish
c. Keith Edward Bullen
d. Tycho Brahe

A

Keith Edward Bullen

32
Q

Coined the value of Gravitational Constant G to be 6.754×10^-11.
a. Carl Friedrich Gauss
b. Lord Charles Cavendish
c. Keith Edward Bullen
d. Tycho Brahe

A

Lord Charles Cavendish

33
Q

Developed a method of absolute determination of the intensity of the Earth’s magnetic field.
a. Carl Friedrich Gauss
b. Lord Charles Cavendish
c. Keith Edward Bullen
d. Tycho Brahe

A

Carl Friedrich Gauss

34
Q

a low-eccentricity Kuiper belt object (KBO) that orbits beyond Neptune and is not controlled by an orbital resonance with Neptune.

A

Classical Kuiper Belt Object or Cubewanos

35
Q

Largest Satellite in the solar system.

A

Ganymede

36
Q

The ratio of the intensity of the remanent magnetization to that of the induced magnetization.

A

Konigsberger Ratio

37
Q

The two natural satellites of Mars
a. Io
b. Phobos
c. Ganymede
d. Charon
e. Deimos

A

Deimos and Phobos

38
Q

Planets that rotate clockwise direction

A

Venus and Uranus

39
Q

Crest vs. Hinge

A

Crest - highest point
Hinge - Maximum stress point

40
Q

Crest vs. Hinge

A

Crest - highest point
Hinge - Maximum stress point

41
Q

Describe Harmonic and Disharmonic Folding.

A

The thinner the rock the more harmonic. Same types also result to more harmonic. More Harmonic, the shorter the wavelength

42
Q

Why do faults have a tendency to branch out on the near surface?

A

Because there is lesser confining pressure near the surface

43
Q

What is the width of the Philippine Fault Zone?

A

5 km

44
Q

In a rock core, if you see a repetition of bed, it is an indication of what fault? If there is an omission of strata what fault is it?

A

Repetition - Thrust Fault
Omission - Normal (but can also be Unconformity)

45
Q

The presence of listric fault connotes a presence of _________ bed

A

thick incompetent bed

46
Q

Series of listric and/or thrust faults

A

Imbrication system

47
Q

Also called an imbricate structure

A

Schuppen structure

48
Q

Allochthons are not common in the Philippines because?

A

Because our rocks are denser compared to continental rocks which are harder to thrust

49
Q

Subduction should reach ______ km to create volcanoes.

A

90-100 km

50
Q

a weather device that is designed to be dropped out of an aircraft at specified altitudes and due to the force of gravity, drop to the Earth

A

Dropsonde

51
Q

A law that states that good absorbers of a given wavelength are also good emitters of that wavelength.

A

Kirchoff’s rule

52
Q

It is composed of 8% Alkali and 45% SiO2
a. Trachyandesite
b. Trachybasalt
c. Basaltic Trachyandesite
d. Tephrite

A

Tephrite

53
Q

A log that measures the resistivity using two electrodes and having a limited area of investigation of from 5 to 10 times the electrode diameter

A

Single-Point Resistivity Log

54
Q

What signal is the most important for seismic refraction profiles?

A

First arrival time of the seismic waves. This signal is critical because it provides the earliest indication of seismic energy traveling through subsurface layers, allowing for the determination of layer velocities and depths.

Other signals are not that important because:
Subsequent arrivals: These may include reflected or refracted waves from deeper layers, but they do not provide as direct information about the near-surface conditions.
Amplitude variations: While they can indicate material properties, they are secondary to the timing of first arrivals in establishing depth and velocity profiles.

Board Exam (22 decks)

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