Field Techniques and GIS Flashcards
What is the proper label format for a sample found in Sadanga in September 6, 2024? It has a designated sample no. 33 and duplicate C.
SAD-240906-033-C
Includes but is not limited to location, objectives, scope of works and limitation, topography, geomorphology, drainage, climate
Introduction
Includes but is not limited to tabletop mapping, literature review, and any specific activities conducted.
Methodology
Includes but is not limited to regional tectonics and geology, local geology, and test results
Results
1° of latitude is equivalent to ______ km.
111 km
A mode of translation of the general locations in the world as a sphere into a planar map
Projection
High resolution raster datasets taken through aerial photography that contains spatial information such as the coordinates of the location in the image.
Orthoimages
A raster data model that represents an area by integrating the use of aerial photography and known elevations through ground surveys into specialized grid database.
Digital Elevation Model
A type of DEM used to generate the most complete high-resolution digital topographic database of Earth
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (STRM)
A type of DEM that acquires land surface temperature, emissivity, reflectance, and elevation data.
Advance Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER)
A type of projection where longitudes are equal but latitudes are not. It has increasing shape and scale distortions toward the poles.
Cylindrical Projection
A cylindrical map projection originally presented in 1569 to display accurate compass bearings for sea travel. Its longitudes are parallel and equal spacing between 15°. Best used for large scale mapping near equator. Developed by who?
Mercator; Gerardus Mercator
Spherical projection based on the Mercator by Johann Lambert in 1772. Best used for north-south oriented areas.
Transverse Mercator
A plane coordinate grid system, which consists of 60 longitudinal zones in the northern and southern hemisphere, equally spaced with 6° in between. It uses meters instead of DMS.
Universal Transverse Mercator
A local plane coordinate grid system that is primarily used for collecting survey data for the Philippines. Divides the Philippines into 5 zones from 116° to 126°
Philippine Transverse Mercator (PTM)
The science of measuring the geometric dimensions of the Earth.
Geodesy
A commonly used worldwide datum developed from satellite measurements on the surface of the Earth. Unlike most datums, its origin is the center of the Earth. GPS and Google Earth uses this.
World Geodetic System 1984
A localized datum commonly used in the Philippines, and references the Clarke 1866 ellipsoid, with its origin located at Hinanggayon, Marinduque at 13°33’41.00” N, 121°52’03.33” E from the Greenwich Meridian.
Luzon Datum 1911
An updated and adjusted version of the Luzon Datum 1911 and derived from the Philippine Transverse Mercator. Most of the generated maps in NAMRIA and other government agencies utilize this as the primary projection. It divides the Philippines into 5 zones.
Philippine Reference System 1992
What is NAMRIA?
Philippines National Mapping and Resource Information Authority
A type of satellite orbit where the satellite is stationed in place along the equator and revolves around the Earth in sync with the Earth’s rotation.
Geostationary orbit
A type of satellite orbit that is not stationed in the Earth’s equator but is tilted with respect to the Equator’s plane.
Geosynchronous orbit
A type of satellite orbit that travels around the poles, across the globe, traversing the whole surface of the Earth in a spiral-like course.
Sun-synchronous orbit
The most recent Landsat satellite that launched last September 27, 2022. A joint effort of NASA and USGS which aims to continue it’s predecessor’s goal to observe and collect remote sensing images of global land cover for different applications and uses.
Landsat 9
Passive vs Active Sensor System
Passive - sensor relies on an external source to produce reflected light for it to receive
Active - has an internal source which transmits light and to be reflected back to the sensor
A remote sensing method that utilizes an active light sensor which can measure ground height and generate a 3-dimensional model of the image of the surface that also contains its geographic information
Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR)
A remote sensing method that utilizes an active sensor transmitting radio waves used to detect objects on the ground or in the atmosphere
Radio Detection and Ranging (RADAR)
A remote sensing method utilizing radar images to generate 3d images of the surfaces of the Earth
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR or IFSAR)
A remote sensing method typically used underwater which measures acoustic signal or sound pulses as it bounces back “echoes” from objects which can be interpreted by a transducer and generate 2d image of the area.
Sound Navigation and Ranging (SONAR)
This sensor represents one of the highest available spaceborne resolutions on the market.
WorldView-2 provides commercially available panchromatic imagery of 0.46 m resolution
This sensor represents one of the lowesr available resolutions on the market but cover the widest area.
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)
This program is the world’s most popular geology and mine planning software, supporting open-pit and underground operations and exploration projects in more than 120 countries.
GEOVIA Surpac
If an attitude is given as 35°, S25°E, what is the strike and dip?
A strike of N65°E (or 90° away), and dip of 35°S.
What is the formula for apparent dip?
tan (ap. dip) = tan (true dip) sin (angle bet. strike and ap. dip)
In order to obtain a good image of the ground surface in an area that is usually covered by cloud cover you would want to use which of the following remote sensing techniques?
a. High Altitude Color Infrared
b. SLAR (Side-Looking Airborne Radar)
c. Ground Penetrating Radar
d. Stereo-paired aerial photography
Answer: Side-Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR)
High Altitude Color Infrared: This method relies on visible light, making it ineffective under cloud cover.
Ground Penetrating Radar: While useful for subsurface imaging, it does not capture surface imagery effectively.
Stereo-paired Aerial Photography: This technique requires clear skies for accurate image capture and is hindered by cloud interference.
