Genki Ch 18 Flashcards
What is an intransitive verb?
Verbs that describe a change a person or item goes through when not acted on by an outside force.
What do transitive verbs have that most other verbs do not have?
A verb that describes their opposite action.
What is the transitive verb for open?
あける (開ける)
What kind of verb is 開ける?
る Verb
What is the intransitive word for open?
開く
What is the transitive word for closes? (close something)
しめる (閉める)
What kind of verb is 閉める?
る verb
What is the intransitive verb for close? (something closes)
しまる (閉まる)
What kind of verb is 閉まる?
る verb
What is the transitive word for put? (put something in)
いれる (入れる)
What kind of verb is 入れる?
る verb
What is the intransitive for put? (something goes inside)
はいる (入る)
What kind of verb is 入る?
う Verb
What is the transitive verb for take? (take something out).
だす (出す)
What is the intransitive verb for take (something goes out)?
でる (出る)?
What kind of verb is 出る?
る verb
What is the transitive word for turn something on?
つける
What kind of verb is つける?
る verb
What is the intransitive verb for turn something on (something turns on)?
つく
What is the transitive verb for turn something off or extinguish something?
けす(消す)
What is the intransitive verb for something goes off?
きえる (消える)
What kind of verb is 消える?
る verb
What is the transitive word for break (someone breaks something)?
こわす(壊す)
What is the intransitive word for break (something breaks)?
こねれる (壊れる)
What kind of verb is こねれる?
る verb
What is the transitive word for making something dirty?
よこす (汚す)
What is the intransitive word for something becomes dirty?
よごれる (汚れる)
What kind of verb is 汚れる?
る verb
What is the transitive word for to drop something?
おとす (落とす)
What is the intransitive word for something drops?
おちる (落ちる)
What kind of verb is 落ちる?
る verb
What is the transitive verb for to boil water?
わかす
What is the intransitive verb for water boiling?
わく
What do transitive verbs describe?
Activities
What do intransitive verbs describe?
Changes
When adding ている to a transitive word, what does a transitive word describe?
Actions in progress.
When adding ている to a transitive word, what does an intransitive word describe?
States that hold after the change takes place.
A verb in て form plus しまう has two meanings, which is the first?
One carries out in determination the actions described by the verb
A verb in て form plus しまう has two meanings, which is the second?
Lack of premeditation or control over how things turn out.
What is an example of lack of premeditation or control over how things turn out?
Something happens that you regret.
What does てしまう indicate in both forms?
A discrepancy between what we intend and what the world is like when left alone.
What is a contraction for てしまう in speech only?
ちゃう
What is a contraction for でしまう in speech only?
じゃう
If you add と to the present tense short form of a predicate, what does that mean?
Whenever A happens B happens too
How is a present tense short form plus と sentence structured?
Cause A と effect B
In a Cause A と effect B sentence, what tense does effect B have to be in?
Either past or present.
In a Cause A と effect B sentence, what should the sentence convey if an adjective is used in the second clause?
A change
If a な adjective is used in the second clause of a Cause A と effect B sentence, what helping verb is used?
になる
If a い adjective is used in the second clause of a Cause A と effect B sentence, what helping verb is used?
くなる
How do you describe two actions that happen at the same time?
Verb stem ながら verb in any form.
How do you express that you wish you had done something?
You add ばよかったです
How do you make a る verb into a positive ばよかったです form?
Drop る and add ればよかったです
How do you make a う verb into a positive ばよかったです form?
Drop う and add えばよかったです
How do you make a ばよかったです form in the negative?
Take the negative short form and drop い and add けれ ばよかったです
