Genki Ch 12 Flashcards
What method of making statements has been learned in previous chapters?
Reporting facts as they are observed.
What is the second method of making a statement in Japanese?
The mode of explaining things
If you are offering a sentence as an explanation, does it have to include what you are explaining?
No
How do you offer a sentence up as an explanation?
Add んです
What is unique about “んです” in reference to tense?
It can be added to any tense and both positive or negative, but the verb is in tense and んです doesn’t conjugate.
How is んです generally written?
As のです
If んです comes after a noun or a な adjective, what changes?
You add な before んです
How do you ask for an explanation?
んですか added to the short form of the predicate.
What is another use for んです?
To add something to a sentence that has already been said.
What helping verb means “too much?”
すぎる
How do you use すぎる?
Connect it to the end of a verb stem
How does すぎる conjugate?
As a る verb?
What do you do in order to suggest to someone that it is advisable to do a certain action?
Add ほうがいいです to a verb
If ほうがいいです is giving advice in the affirmative, what verb form does it follow?
Past tense short form
if ほうがいいです is giving advice in the negative, what verb form does it follow?
Present tense short form
In addition to から, what is another word that can be used to give an explanation for a situation?
ので
What is the real only difference between から and ので?
ので is slightly more formal
What do you do with ので if it comes after an adjective or a noun?
Put な between the verb and ので
What sort of verb does ので follow?
A short form.
What do you add onto a verb to indicate that you MUST do something?
なくちゃいけません
What does なくちゃ mean?
If you do not do
What does いけません mean?
You cannot go
So how is なくちゃいけません roughly translated?
You cannot go not doing
How do you form a なくちゃいけません sentence?
Replace ない n the short form negative predicate with なくちゃいけません
If the short form negative for 食べる is 食べない, what is the なくちゃいけません form?
食べなくちゃいけません
If the short form negative of いう is いわない, what is the なくちゃいけません form?
いわなくちゃいけません
If the short form negative of する is しない, what is the なくちゃいけません form?
しなくちゃいけません
If the short form negative of くる is こない, what is the なくちゃいけません form?
こなくちゃいけません
What is the past tense of なくちゃいけません?
なくちゃいけませんでした
How do you take a statement and add the condition of ‘probably’ to it, in order to make a guess or prediction?
After the short form of a verb or an い adjective, add でしょう.
How do you use でしょう after a noun or a な adjective?
Just put でしょう right after the noun or adjective.
How do you make a でしょう sentence into a question sentence?
でしょうか
What is the short form of でしょう?
だろう
What is one more use for でしょう?
To see if someone agrees with you.
