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Anatomy > General Plan > Flashcards

General Plan Flashcards

1
Q

the majority of animals we deal with:

A

have a vertebral column, are symmetrical, paired structures on right and left halves, and unpaired structures on midline

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2
Q

what are examples of paired structures on right and left halves?

A

ribs, limbs, eyes, and ears

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3
Q

what are examples of unpaired structures on midline?

A

tongue, trachea, heart and liver

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4
Q

many vertebrates have how many body cavities?

A

3

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5
Q

what 3 body cavities are there?

A

1 dorsal and 2 ventral cavities

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6
Q

what does the dorsal cavity contain?

A

CNS, special coverings, fluid within the cavity

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7
Q

what are the 2 ventral cavities?

A

craniad and caudad

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8
Q

what are the ventral cavities lined with?

A

serous membrane

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9
Q

what is suspended within the 2 ventral cavities?

A

viscera

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10
Q

what is within each cavity?

A

fluid

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11
Q

what is the abdominal cavity divided by?

A

brim of pelvis

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12
Q

what does the abdominal cavity contain?

A

kidneys, most of GI, variable amounts of reproductive organs

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13
Q

what does the pelvic cavity contain?

A

rectum, parts or urogenital system not found in abdominal cavity, variable amounts of reproductive organs

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14
Q

what is the thoracic cavity lined with?

A

pleura

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15
Q

what are the lungs suspended by?

A

mediastinum

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16
Q

what is the heart suspended by?

A

pericardium

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17
Q

what does the thoracic cavity contain?

A

lungs, heart, lymph nodes, thymus, aorta, vena cava, nerves, esophagus

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18
Q

what is the abdominopelvic cavity lined with?

A

peritoneum

19
Q

what covers the ventral surface of the contents in the abdominopelvic cavity?

A

omentum

20
Q

what is the GI tract suspended by?

A

mesentery

21
Q

omentum, GI tract, liver cranial, urinary tract dorsal, female reproductive tract dorsal, abdomen aorta and caudal vena cava, adrenal glands, lymph nodes and nerves are contained in what cavity?

A

abdominopelvic cavity

22
Q

what urinary tract organs are kept in the abdominal pelvic cavity?

A

kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

23
Q

what is the uterus suspending by?

A

fold of peritoneum

24
Q

what are the special coverings on in the dorsal cavity pertaining to the nervous system called?

A

meninges

25
Q

serous membranes form what within the cavity?

A

continuous sac

26
Q

how thick are serous membranes?

A

one cell layer thick

27
Q

what do serous membranes look like?

A

very smooth and glistening

28
Q

what does serous fluid look like?

A

normally clear to pale yellow

29
Q

what does serous fluid serve as for organs?

A

lubricant

30
Q

there is no what in the sac?

A

air space

31
Q

there is not what between organs?

A

space

32
Q

parietal peritoneum covers what?

A

the wall

33
Q

visceral peritoneum covers what?

A

the viscera

34
Q

what is mesentery?

A

the fold of peritoneum that suspends the intestines

35
Q

what is the root of mesentery?

A

where the mesentery leaves and rejoins the wall

36
Q

what can the omentum store large amounts of?

A

fat

37
Q

what does the omentum serve as?

A

a protective function by covering areas of inflammation and isolating them from the rest of the body until they heal

38
Q

what does peritoneal fluid look like?

A

clear to pale yellow

39
Q

what does peritoneal fluid reduce?

A

friction between the abdominal organs

40
Q

what does the pericardial sac look like?

A

smooth surface

41
Q

what is serous fluid called in the thoracic cavity?

A

pleural fluid

42
Q

what does pleural fluid combine with?

A

smooth surfaces of the visceral pleura

43
Q

what does pleural fluid reduce?

A

friction in the chest cavity

Anatomy (13 decks)

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