General pediatric knowledge Flashcards
What are normal respiratory rates for pediatric patients?
Infant: 30-60
Toddler: 24-40
Preschooler: 22-34
School age: 18-30
What are normal pediatric heart rates?
Infants 1-11 months: 80-160 Children 1-2 years: 80-130 Children 3-4 years: 80-120 Children 5-6 years: 75-115 Children 7-9 years: 70-110 Children 10- Adults: 60-100
What is the definition of newborn/infant?
A child under 28 days of age
What are the critical assessments in newborn/neonate?
Heart rate, respiratory effort/figure, Peripheral and central perfusion
What is the single most important intervention for a newborn/neonates?
Proper ventilation with an appropriately sized mask.
What to do if heart rate is less than 60 bpm?
Dry, warm, stimulate, and oxygenate. If these fail to increase the heart rate, begin chest compressions at a ratio of three compressions to one breath.
What are the oxygenation and ventilation steps for ALS care with newborns?
Intubate, transtracheal suction, and OG-tube placement to decompress stomach.
What pharmacological treatments are available for heart rate remains under 60 bpm?
Epinephrine:
.01 –.03 mg/kilograms of 1:10,000 concentration every 3 to 5 minutes.
Narcan:
.1 mg/kg
Do not administer Narcan to a neonate with a mother who has a history of narcotic addiction.
Narcan is only indicated if both of the following are present:
Positive pressure ventilation has restored heart rate, and a history of maternal pain medication administration in the last four hours.
What is the definition of neonate hypoglycemia?
Blood glucose less than 40 mg/Deciliter
What is the drug, and dose for neonate hypoglycemia?
D10:
IV/IO: 5 mL/kilogram PRN. Reevaluate and re-administer as necessary.
Fluid resuscitation is required when?
When the infant fails to respond to other resuscitation efforts and there is evidence of blood loss from placenta previa/abruptia, or blood loss from the umbilical cord, or very pale appearance.
10 mL/kilogram over 5 to 10 minutes. Administer a second dose if necessary.
