Gastrointestinal Physiology Flashcards
How can long term use of PPIs cause osteoporosis?
Decreased calcium absorption
Long term PPIs can cause hypomagnesaemia, what are symptoms of this?
Seizures
Arrhythmias
Hypotension
Tetany
What infections come from long term PPI use?
C. difficile
Community-acquired pneumonia
What is a treatment for achalasia?
Botox
What is gastroparesis?
Muscles of the stomach that cause motility are paralyzed
What happens to stomach emptying time in gastroparesis?
It increases greatly
Pernicious anemia symptoms?
Fainting
Chest pain
Angina
Heart attack
What is highly specific for pernicious anemia?
Serum antibodies for intrinsic factor or parietal cells
What is intrinsic factor needed for?
Absorption of Cobalamin
What is Haptocorrin?
Protects Cobalamin from stomach acid
What encodes for proteins on the surface of cells needed for immune system regulation?
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)
What is intussusception?
When one section of intestines slides into an adjacent section (telescoping)
What does Hirschsprung’s disease affect?
A piece of the colon
What occurs in Hirschsprung’s disease?
SM on a section of the colon does not have innervation and thus cannot pass stool
What does a mu-opioid agonist cause?
Constipation
