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GI Exam 1 > Gastrointestinal Infections Part II > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Infections Part II Flashcards

1
Q

What virus causes the most severe diarrheal illnesses requiring hospitalization of infants and young children?

A

Rotavirus

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2
Q

What do rotaviruses cause?

A

Inadequate capacity to absorb fluid

Inadequate secretion of digestive enzymes

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3
Q

Are rotaviruses enveloped?

A

No they wouldn’t survive the bile

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4
Q

How can rotavirus be diagnosed?

A

Viral RNA and Ag can be detected in feces

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5
Q

What do Norwalk viruses include?

A 
EBV
Influenza
Rotavirus
Rhinovirus
Measles
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6
Q

What is more infectious: vomiting or diarrhea?

A

Vomiting

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7
Q

Astrovirdiae are similar to what?

A

Calciviridae

Picornaviridae

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8
Q

What can entamoeba histolytica cause?

A

Ulcers due to pore-forming cytotoxins

Liver and lung abscesses

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9
Q

Where does entamoeba histolytica infect?

A

Cecum

Rectosigmoid regions

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10
Q

What does entamoeba histolytica form?

A

Cysts

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11
Q

Treatment of amoebiasis?

A

Metronidazole

Tinidazole

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12
Q

Amoebiasis diagnosis?

A

Microscopic examination of stool for cysts

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13
Q

Giardia intestinalis produces what?

A

Foul smelling stool with excessive gas

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14
Q

What are nematodes?

A

Roundworms

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15
Q

What do ascaris worms do?

A

Move around the body

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16
Q

What can ascaris cause?

A

Urticaria (hives) and eosinophilia (increased eosinophils): Loeffler’s syndrome

17
Q

When can strongyloidiasis be fatal?

A

When it disseminates in immunosuppressed patients causing spongyloidiasis

18
Q

What are cestodes?

A

Tapeworms

19
Q

What are cysticercus?

A

A tapeworm larva

20
Q

Where are Taenia saginata cysticercus found?

A

In beef

21
Q

What do damaged hepatocytes spill?

A

Aminotransferases (ALT, AST)

22
Q

What is important in diagnosing viral infections?

A

Serology

23
Q

Hepatitis A is a member of what family?

A

Picornaviridae with positive sense ssRNA

24
Q

What is the diagnosis of Hepatitis A?

A

Anti-HAV IgM

25
Q

Why is anti-HAV IgM more diagnostic than IgG?

A

IgM is only elevated during times of infection so if it is elevated then there was a recent infection or ongoing infection

26
Q

What family does Hepatitis E belong to?

A

Hepeviridae

27
Q

Diagnosis for Hepatitis E?

A

Antibodies or RNA

28
Q

Hepatitis B is the member of what family?

A

Hepadnaviridae

29
Q

What envelopes hepatitis E?

A

HBsAg glycoprotein

GI Exam 1 (25 decks)

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