Gastroenteritis Flashcards
How does gastritis present?
nausea and vomiting
How does enteritis present?
diarrhoea
how does gastroenteritis present?
nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea
most common cause of gastroenteritis
viral
gastroenteritis - what is important to remember?
easily spread
affected family members
isolate if in hospital
3 common viral agents
rotavirus
norovirus
adenovirus
adenovirus gastroenteritis
less common
subacute diarrhoea
How is E.coli spread?
infected faeces
unwashed salads
water
what produces shiga toxin?
E coli 0157
E coli 0157
abdominal cramps
bloody diarrhoea
vomiting
what does shigatoxin lead to?
haemolytic uraemic syndrome
destroys blood cells
common cause of travellers diarrhoea and most common bacterial cause of gastroenteritis
campylobacter
How is campylobacter spread?
raw poultry
untreated water
unpasteurised milk
incubation of campylobacter and symptoms
abdominal cramps
diarrhoea - blood
vomiting
fever
antibiotics - campylobacter
azithromycin
ciprofloxacin
How is shigella spread?
faeces contaminating drinking water, swimming pools and food
Bacilius cerus classical picture
grown well on food not refrigerated after cooking
fried rice
vomiting 5 hours, diarrhoea 8 hours
resolves 24 hours
management
good hygiene
faeces - microscopy, culture, sensitivities
fluid challenge
antibiotics
possible complications
lactose intolerance
IBS
reactive arthritis
guillian barre syndrome
