Gallibacterium, Haemophilus, Histophilus Flashcards
Gallibacterium anatis is incrimminated with causing peritonitis in _____ and can cause severe peritonitis in association with ________
Chickens
E. coli
What are the Haemophilus species we are concerned with? (3)
Haemophilus parasuis
Haemophilus suis
Haemophilus influenzae
T/F Haemophilus parasuis requires an NAD growth factor
TRUE
Haemophilus parasuis causes __________ in pigs, which is characterized by polyserositis, arthritis, and meningitis
glasser’s disease
Where is Haemophilus parasuis commonly found?
Nasopharynx of healthy pigs
Haemophilus parasuis is ______ contagious and spreads via _______
HIGHLY
aerosol or contact
What generally brings about an infection of Haemophilus parasuis? What are some signs that are seen?
Stress
fibrinous inflammation of pericardium, pleura, joints, and meninges
Haemophils parasuis can predispose this pig to infections with _____ & ______
Bordatella bronchiseptica
Pasturella multocida
______ common predisposes the pig to an infection of Haemophilus parasuis
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
What are the 4 serotypes of Haemophilus parasuis that are most prevalent?
1, 2, 4, 5
Does Haemophilus suis actually exist?
NO ONE KNOWS! Maybe? Maybe not? It’s a beautiful mystery
________ is a Haemophilus that is only found in humans as part of the normal flora of the respiratory tract
Haemophilus influenzae
The most common capsular type isolated from Haemophilus influenzae is composed of what?
polyribitol phosphate
Is it possible for this Gram negative Haemophilus influenzae to be mistaken for a Gram positive?
Yes, it is very possible, especially if you’re a terrible microbiologist
Infections of Haemophilus influenzae often occur in individuals that lack _____ to the ___ capsular serotype
IgA
B
What are some clinical manifestations of Haemophilus influenzae?
Meningitis: esp in children 3 months to 6 years old
Acute epiglottitis: abscessation may occur
Cellulitis: Occurs in the cheek
Bacterimia without local disease
Otitis media: this is actually the 2nd leading cause of this
What age are children most susceptible to Haemophilus influenzae infection?
Older than 3 months (mothers immunity gone)
Younger than 2 years (can’t respond with their own antibody)
______ is the cause of TME and respiratory disease in feedlot cattle
Histophilus somni
T/F Histophilus somni is one of the more important bacterial causes of respiratory disease in cattle
TRUE; in fact it is probably second only behind Mannheimia haemolytica
T/F Histophilus somni requires an NAD growth factor
FALSE; however, it does require CO2
What is the toxin that Histophilus somni produces?
Endotoxin; LOS also may be important in apoptosis of endothelial cells
T/F Histophilus somni can live within blood monocytes for a short period of time
TRUE; this likely allows it to become disseminated throughout the body
What is the habitat of Histophilus somni?
The upper respiratory tract of bovine
Has also been found in the repro tracts of cattle, but these are less pathogenic
What is TME? When does it occur?
It usually occurs 2-4 weeks post shipping/stress; often follows shipping fever
Causes fibrinous meningitis with arterial thrombosis and necrosis
What is the pathogenesis of Histophilus somni?
Usually starts as a respiratory disease, becomes a septicemia, and eventually leads to TME.
What are the virulence factors that Histophilus somni produces?
Toxins: endotoxin and LOS
Guanine, Adenine, and GMP: likely allows the bacteria to evade immune system
Fc-receptor proteins
