Fungal Antibiotics

Question 1

2 Classes that Target Cell Membranes

Answer 1

Polyenes

Azoles

Question 2

2 Polyenes

Answer 2

Amphotericin B

Nystatin

Question 3

2 Keratophilic Drugs

Answer 3

Griseofulvin

Termbinafine

Question 4

3 Target Sites for Antifungal Drugs

Answer 4

Fungal Cell Membrane
DNA Synth
Cell Wall

Question 5

Amphotericin B Mech

Answer 5

Amphipathic, so binds with ergosterol lipid side and hydrophilic side/water and creates pores. Still toxic to us

Question 6

Amphotericin B Similiar To

Answer 6

Macrolides, but have conjugated double bonds around macrocyclic ring so ineffective against bac

Question 7

Azole Mech, Use, and Benefit

Answer 7

Inactivates enzyme synthesizing ergosterol
Used for systemic mycosis
Better tolerated

Question 8

Voriconazole

Answer 8

2nd generation triazole useful for invasive Aspergillus and Candida in IC pts

Question 9

Fluconazole

Answer 9

Good access to CSF so good for cryptococcus neoformans which causes meningitis

Question 10

Azole Notable Resistance

Answer 10

Efflux pumps overexpression

Question 11

Flucytosine (mech and use)

Answer 11

Pyrimidine analogue converted to 5-Fluorouracil which fucks thymidylate synthase, but resistance occurs easily
Good in combo w/ Amphotericin B or Fluconazole for Candidiasis or Cryptococcosis

Question 12

Echinocandins (mech, ra)

Answer 12

Beta-glucan synthase inhibitors for cell wall

Candida and Aspergillus

Question 13

3 Topical Drugs

Answer 13

Nystatin
Clotrimazole
Miconazole

Question 14

Griseofulvin Mech

Answer 14

Binds proteins involved in microtubule formation, not sure why it doesn’t affect us