Corticosteroids

Question 1

2 Corticosteroids and Function

Answer 1

Glucocorticoids: Cortisol, immune function as well as metabolism and CV and other shit
Mineralocorticoids: Aldosterone for Na retention

Question 2

Cortisol Circadian Rhythm

Answer 2

ACTH peaks in morning and then after meals, immediately followed by glucocorticoid peak

Question 3

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis (HPA)

Answer 3

Neg feedback loop for cortisol production. Circadian rhythm/stress -> hypothal produce CRH -> ant pit produce ACTH -> adrenal cortex produce cortisol which neg regs the previous steps

Question 4

Glucocorticoid R (GR)

Answer 4

Normally bound to Hsps, when cortisol enters it binds and those leave, R dimerizes, then enters nucleus and inhibits expression of pro-inflammatory genes

Question 5

11Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2

Answer 5

Prevents cortisol from producing salt retention by converting it to inactive cortisone in kidney

Question 6

Major Concern of Long Term Therapy

Answer 6

HPA Axis Suppression

Question 7

4 Other Adverse Effects of Long Term Therapy

Answer 7

Redistribution of Fat to Face (moon face)
Mood Changes
Peptic Ulcers
Na Retention leading to hypertension

Question 8

Cushing’s Syndrome

Answer 8

Adrenal cortex hyperplasia that has a lot of long term cortisol symptoms