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PathY5 > Fundamentals of Histology > Flashcards

Fundamentals of Histology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the histological features of SCC?

A

> Keratin production

> Intracellular bridges

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2
Q

What are the histological features of Adenocarcinoma?

A

> Mucin production

> Glandular

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3
Q

What are the histological features of Transitional cell carcinomas?

A

> Bladder cancer
Uroepithelium
Mostly papillary

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4
Q

What are the histological features of malignant melanomas?

A 
> Pigmented
> Asymmetrical
> Poorly circumscribed
> ulcerated
> Raised
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5
Q

What are the histological features of Lymphoma?

A

> High collection of lymphocytes within a tissue

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6
Q

What are potential sites of origin for an SCC?

A 
> Skin
> Head and neck
> Oesophagus
> Anus
> Cervix
> Vagina
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7
Q

What are potential sites of origin for an Adenocarcinoma?

A 
> Lung
> Breast
> Stomach
> Colon
> Pancreas
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8
Q

What are potential sites of origin for a transitional cell carcinoma?

A

> Bladder

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9
Q

What are potential sites of origin for a malignant melanoma?

A

> Skin

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10
Q

What are potential sites of origin for a lymphoma?

A

> lymph nodes

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11
Q

What are the cytological features of neutrophils?

A

> Multi lobed nuclei (3-5)
Purple granules
Acute inflammation (Acute appendicitis)

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12
Q

What are the cytological features of lymphocytes?

A

> Large nucleus

> Chronic inflammation (Chronic gastritis)

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13
Q

What are the cytological features of plasma cells?

A

> Large lymphocytes with abundant cytoplasm

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14
Q

What are the cytological features of eosinophils?

A

> Bi-lobed nuclei
Multiple red granules
Allergy, parasites, tumour (Hodgkin’s disease as reaction to neoplastic processes)

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15
Q

What are the cytological features of mast cells?

A

> Round nucleus

> Granulated

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16
Q

What are the cytological features of macrophages?

A

> One Large Horse Shoe nucleus
Membrane bound lysosomes
Late acute inflammation, chronic inflammation (incl. granulomas)

17
Q

Give 3 examples of histochemical stains

A

> Fontana: +ve for melanin
Congo Red: +ve for Amyloid (Apple green birefringence)
Prussian Blue: +ve for iron (haemochromatosis)

18
Q

Give 3 examples of immunochemical stains

A

CD45: +ve for lymphoid cells
Cytokeratin: Epithelial marker
Immunoperoxidase (general staining)

19
Q

What are neutrophils associated with?

A

Acute inflammation like acute appendicitis

20
Q

What causes caseous necrosis?

A

TB

21
Q

What causes non caseating lesions?

A

Sarcoidosis

22
Q

What does Ziehl Nielson stain help?

A

Differentiating TB and Sarcoid

Acid fast stain

23
Q

What is a immunohistochemical stain?

A

Based on using an antibody specific to an antigen in the tissue. ​

Need a detection system to make this binding visible.

24
Q

If a liver met is CK20+ and CK7- (done via immunohistochemistry) where is the primary?

A

Large bowel

PathY5 (98 decks)

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