Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 2 GI (JK) > Functional bowel disorders > Flashcards

Functional bowel disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is detectable in an organic bowel disorder?

A

Organic pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Give 2 examples of organic pathology

A

macroscopic - cancer

microscopic - colitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the prognosis of organic disorders depend on?

A

the pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are functional bowel disorders related to?

A

gut function with no underlying pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the long term prognosis of functional bowel disorders?

A

good

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some examples of functional bowel disorders?

A

oesophageal spasm

IBS, biliary dyskinesia, drug related effects, slow transit constipation, non ulcer dyspepsia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are very important to consider with functional bowel disorders?

A

psychological factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is non ulcer dyspepsia?

A

dyspeptic type pain but no ulcer on endoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some possible causes or NUD?

A

microscopic ulceration, reflux, IBS, delayed gastric emptying

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

If a patient is under 45 what are the 2 important things to check?

A

H pylori + ALARM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

If H pylori is negative what do you treat?

A

The symptoms eg PPI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

If you are in doubt about the diagnosis what should you do?

A

endoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is nausea?

A

The feeling of being sick without actually vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is retching?

A

Dry heaves

antrum contracts on a closed glottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is vomiting?

A

Contents expelled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the chemoreceptor trigger zone and give examples of stimulators

A

vomiting centre

chemotherapy, opiates, digoxin, uraemia

17
Q

Give the 3 time periods of eating and being sick and try and think of what the cause may be?

A

immediate - psychogenic
1 hour + - pyloric obstruction, motility disorder, diabetes
12 hour - obstruction eg hernia/stricture

18
Q

What are some functional causes of vomiting?

A

pregnancy, alcohol, drugs, abdominal migraine, cyclical vomiting syndrome

19
Q

What is cyclical vomiting syndrome?

A

childhood onset

2-3 times a month to 2-3 times a year

20
Q

What is psychogenic cause of vomiting linked with?

A

bulimia usually young women

21
Q

What is the normal bowel habit and what specific changes are of note?

A

normal for you!

change in frequency, consistency, blood, mucus

22
Q

How are some ways to examine a patient with altered bowel habits?

A

rectal examination
ask with relation to Bristol stool chart
family history
physical examination

23
Q

There are 10 ALARM symptoms - name as many as you can

A

over 50, male, rectal bleeding, unintentional weight loss, recent onset, mass, anaemia, family history, recent antibiotic use, nocturnal symptoms

24
Q

What are some investigations you would do in altered bowel habits patient?

A

FBC, U+E’s, thyroid, blood glucose, coeliac serology

sigmoidoscopy, proctoscopy and colonoscopy in IBD

25
Q

What are some systemic causes of constipation?

A

diabetes, hypothyroidism, hypercalcaemia

26
Q

What are some functional causes of constipation?

A

depression, idiopathic, megacolon

27
Q

What are some organic causes of constipation?

A

tumours, strictures, anal fissure, diverticular disease

28
Q

What are some neurogenic causes of constipation?

A

parkinsons, spinal injury, stroke

29
Q

List some symptoms of IBS

A

bloating, wind/flatus, abdominal pain radiating to the lower back, altered bowel habit, rectal bleeding, improvement after defaecation, urgency

30
Q

What are the 3 types of IBS

A

IBS-C constipation
IBS-D diarrhoea
IBS-M both

31
Q

What are people with IBS more aware of?

A

Their digestive system

32
Q

What is the difference between IBS-c and IBS-d?

A

D - more harder contractions, hears the brain messages too loudly and is over responsive

33
Q

What is calprotectin and what is it used for in relation to IBS?

A

Released by inflamed gut mucosa

differentiate IBS+IBD and to monitor IBD

34
Q

What are some non drug treatments of IBS?

A

dietetic review eg FODMAP and reintroduction

hypnotherapy and relaxation

35
Q

What medications are used for the pain, bloating, IBS-C and IBS-D?

A

pain - antispasmodics and antidepressants
bloating - probiotics
C - laxatives, fibres, osmotics
D - antimotility drugs and FODMAP

Year 2 GI (JK) (39 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions