función y alteración de los electrolitos Flashcards

1
Q

requerimientos de sodio Na

A
3 a 5 meq/kg/dia
30 a 50 meq/kg/dia
valores 135 a 145
100 ml = 15.4 meq
concentrado 1ml = 3.3 meq
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2
Q

agua corporal total normal, anormal y deficit de agua

A

ACTN: 0.6 (0.5) x peso
ACTA: 140 x ACTN/ Na medido
deficit: ACTN-ACTA
1/2 para 24 y resto para 24 o 48hrs

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3
Q

tratamiento de hipernatremia

A

administrar el deficit de agua

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4
Q

tratamiento de hiponatremia

A

Na ideal - Na real x 0.6 x peso

1/2 primeras 8 hrs y resto 16 hrs.

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5
Q

requerimientos de potasio K

A

2 a 4 meq/kg /dia
20 a 40 meq/kg/dia
valores 3.5 a 5.5meq
cloruro de potasio 10ml = 20 meq

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6
Q

hiperkalemia cuadro clinico y tratamiento

A

FA, eleva T, ensancha QRS, desaparece P.
gluconato de calcio 0.5ml/kg
bicar 2 a3 meq/kg en sol 5% glu.
insulina 0.1 UI/kg + 1 ml/kg glucosada 50% en 1 hora.
2.5mg salbutamol
furosemide 1 mg/kg

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7
Q

hipokalemia

A

0.5 a 1 meq/kg al 8% en 1 hora

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8
Q

requerimientos de calcio Ca

A

100 a 200 mg/kg/dia
valores 8.5 a 10.5mg/dl
calcio unido a proteinas 40%
gluconato de calcio 10 ml = 1000 mg.

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9
Q

hipercalcemia

A

furosemida 1 mg/kg c 8 h
calcitonina 1 a 5 u/kg/dia
hemodialisis o dialisis.

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10
Q

hipocalcemia

A

gluconato de calcio

10 ml = 1000 mg

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11
Q

fosforo P

A

valores 2.5 a 4.5 mg/dl
fosfato de potasio
10 ml = 20 meq

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12
Q

hiperfosfatemia tx

A

hidroxido de aluminio

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13
Q

hipofosfatemia tx

A

2 mg/kg c 6 hrs.

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14
Q

magnesio

A

requerimientos 0.3 a 0.4 meq/kg/dia
30 a 50 mg/kg/dia
10 ml = 1000 mg

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