FTM 60-61 - Population Genetics 1 & 2 Flashcards
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How can you simplify the HW equation for autosomal recessive disorders?
How is the frequency of an autosomal recessive disease causing allele calculated from the incidence of the disease in the population?
~1/25
What is the calculation simplification rule for the HW equation?
4
B
5
4
5
1/90,000
1/1600
The incidence of hemophilia in a population is 1/10,000 males. Calculate how many diseased females are present in the population and how many carrier females there are.
How do calculate q from a known affected incidence rate for an autosomal dominant disease?
What are the assumptions of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?
What four primary factors will cause genetic variation within a population?
What disease, besides sickle cell, is protective against malaria?
ß-thalassemia
What does the term “reproductive fitness” refer to?
The likelihood an organism will survive to reproductive age and be fertile
What diseases result in zero reproductive fitness?
Tay-Sach’s disease
Turner Syndrome
How does Huntington disease affect reproductive fitness?
It doesn’t becuase it usually does not manifest until will past the reproductive age
How does PKU affect reproductive fitness?
If untreated it reduces it due to intellectural disability. Properly treated PKU results in normal fitness
What is genetic drift?
Allele frequency tends to rise and fall slightly within populations. If a population is small enough this fluctuation could fix or extinguis an allele.
What is the founder effect?
A special case of genetic drift. It is the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population.
E
What are some of the more common reasons a mutant allele may have a high frequency in a population?
