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Adele MSK > Formative 1 > Flashcards

Formative 1 Flashcards

1
Q

True or false: congenital clubfoot is a rare birth defect

A

False

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2
Q

True or false: congenital clubfoot is caused by a single gene defect

A

False

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3
Q

True or false: congenital clubfoot is associated with limited space in the womb

A

True

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4
Q

True or false: in congenital clubfoot, the sole of the foot turns laterally and the foot is everted

A

False

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5
Q

What type of joint is the facet joint?

A

Synovial plane

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6
Q

What type of joint is the trapeziometacarpal joint?

A

Synovial saddle

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7
Q

What type of joint is the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

Synovial condylar/ellipsoid

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8
Q

What type of joint is the humero-ulnar joint?

A

Synovial hinge

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9
Q

What type of joint is the radio-ulnar joint?

A

Synovial pivot

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10
Q

What type of joint is the gleno-humeral joint?

A

Synovial ball and socket

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11
Q

Scenario:

  • 8 year old boy
  • acute pain around the knee
  • unwell, temperature
  • GP suspects osteomyelitis
  • transferred to hospital

Name 3 blood tests indicated in the diagnosis and treatment of suspected osteomyelitis

A 
FBC + diff WBC - expect a neutrophil leukocytosis
ESR - elevated
CRP - elevated
Blood cultures - x3 - 60% +ve
U&Es - ill, dehydrated
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12
Q

Scenario:

  • 8 year old boy
  • acute pain around the knee
  • unwell, temperature
  • GP suspects osteomyelitis
  • transferred to hospital

Name 3 types of imaging that can be used in the diagnosis of osteomyelitis

A 
X-ray (normal in the first 10-14 days)
Ultrasound
Aspiration
Isotope bone scan (Tc-99, Gallium-67)
Labelled white cell scan (Indium-111)
MRI
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13
Q

Scenario:

  • 8 year old boy
  • acute pain around the knee
  • unwell, temperature
  • GP suspects osteomyelitis
  • transferred to hospital

Name 3 other differential diagnoses for this boy’s condition

A 
Acute septic arthritis
Trauma
Acute inflammatory arthritis
Transient synovitis
Rare
- sickle cell crisis
- Gaucher's disease
- rheumatic fever
- haemophilia
Soft tissue infection
- cellulitis
- erysipelas
- necrotising fasciitis
- gas gangrene
- toxic shock syndrome
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14
Q

Scenario:

  • 8 year old boy
  • acute pain around the knee
  • unwell, temperature
  • GP suspects osteomyelitis
  • transferred to hospital

Name 2 of the likeliest organisms responsible for the infection

A

Staph aureus
Strep pyogenes
Haemophilus influenza
Salmonella

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15
Q

Scenario:

  • 8 year old boy
  • acute pain around the knee
  • unwell, temperature
  • GP suspects osteomyelitis
  • transferred to hospital

Name 2 treatments you would implement for this young boy

A 
Supportive treatment for pain and dehydration
- general care - rehydration
- analgesia
Rest
Splintage
Antibiotics (intravenous)
? surgery
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16
Q

Scenario:

  • 8 year old boy
  • acute pain around the knee
  • unwell, temperature
  • GP suspects osteomyelitis
  • transferred to hospital

Name 3 potential complications of acute osteomyelitis in a child

A 
Septicaemia
Death
Metastatic infection 
Pathological fracture
Septic arthritis
Altered bone growth
Chronic osteomyelitis
17
Q

Name the 4 muscles in the thenar eminence of the hand

A

Flexor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Adductor pollicis
Opponens pollicis

18
Q

Name the 4 muscles of the anterior forearm originating from the common flexor origin

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi radialis
Pronator teres

19
Q

Name the 3 directions in which the shoulder joint can dislocate

A

Anterior
Posterior
Inferior

20
Q

Which is the commonest direction for the shoulder joint to dislocate?

A

Anterior 90%
Posterior 9%
Inferior 1%

21
Q

A 50 year old woman presents with a sensation of painful clicking in the volar aspect of her ring finger when bending her finger. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

A trigger finger

22
Q

Scenario:
A 60 year old woman attends your surgery complaining of pain at the base of her thumb when gripping jars or putting on clothes. You suspect she has arthritis at the base of her thumb which is confirmed by x-ray.

Name 2 non operative managements for this lady

A

Life style modifications
NSAIDs
Splint
Steroid injection

23
Q

Scenario:
A 60 year old woman attends your surgery complaining of pain at the base of her thumb when gripping jars or putting on clothes. You suspect she has arthritis at the base of her thumb which is confirmed by x-ray.

Name 2 operative managements for this lady

A

Trapeziectomy
Fusion
Replacement

24
Q

Name 2 treatments you could use for a ganglion cyst

A

Conservative

  • observation
  • aspiration
  • aspiration and inject steroid

Operative

  • excision
  • hit it with a bible

Adele MSK (22 decks)

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