Anatomy - Upper Limb 2 Flashcards
What is the nerve supply for serratus anterior?
Long thoracic nerve
What clinical sign is seen when the long thoracic nerve is injured?
Winged scapula
During what procedure is the long thoracic nerve commonly injured?
Mastectomy
What are the actions of the superior fibres of the trapezius on the scapula?
Elevation
What are the actions of the middle fibres of the trapezius on the scapula?
Retraction
What are the actions of the inferior fibres of the trapezius on the scapula?
Depression
What is the innervation of the trapezius muscle?
CNXI Accessory nerve
What are the actions of teres major on the shoulder joint?
Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus
What are the actions of latissimus dorsi on the shoulder joint?
Adduction, extension and internal rotation of the humerus
What are the two heads of the biceps brachii known as?
Short and long heads
Which head of the biceps arises from the coracoid process along with the coracobrachialis?
Short head
Which head of the biceps arises from the supraglenoid tubercle and runs in the bicipital groove of the humerus?
Long head
To which bony process of the radius is the tendon of biceps attached distally?
Radial tuberosity
What is the action of biceps on both the shoulder and elbow joints?
Flexion
What is the action of biceps on the superior radio-ulnar joint?
Supination
What is the nerve supply to the biceps muscle?
Musculocutaneous nerve
Which segmental fibres (cervical segments) mainly innervate the biceps brachii muscle?
C5-7 - but mainly C6
From which cord of the brachial plexus does the musculocutaneous nerve arise?
Lateral cord
What are the origin and insertion of coracobrachialis?
Tip of the coracoid process to the medial margin of the humerus around the middle
What is the action of coracobrachialis on the shoulder joint?
Draws the humerus forwards - shoulder flexion
Draws the humerus towards the torso - shoulder adduction
What is the nerve supply of coracobrachialis?
Musculocutaneous nerve
What is the main action of brachialis on the elbow joint?
Flexion
Which nerve supplies the brachialis muscle?
Musculocutaneous nerve
What is the segmental or root value of the musculocutaneous nerve?
C5-7
What are the three muscles supplied by the musculocutaneous nerve?
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis
Where does the brachial artery begin?
Lower border of teres major
Does the median nerve supply any muscles in the arm?
No
Does the musculocutaneous nerve supply any muscles in the forearm or hand?
No
Does the ulnar nerve innervate any muscles in the arm?
No
Which artery is responsible for the pulsation felt in the cubital fossa?
Brachial
The olecranon process and coronoid process are parts of which bone?
Ulna
Which head of the triceps has its proximal attachment on the infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula?
Long head
What is the main action of the triceps on the elbow joint?
Extension
What is the action of the anconeus muscle on the elbow joint?
Extension
What is the nerve supply to the triceps and the anconeus?
Radial nerve
What is the root value of the radial nerve?
C7 and 8
Which branch of the brachial artery accompanies the radial nerve in the radial groove?
Deep brachial
What is the characteristic clinical sign of a radial nerve injury?
Wrist drop
Which ligament holds the head of the radius in place?
Annular ligament
What are the three flexors of the elbow joint?
Brachialis
Biceps brachii
Brachioradialis
What are the two extensors of the elbow joint?
Triceps brachii
Anconeus
What are the two main supinators?
Supinator
Biceps brachii
What are the two main pronators?
Pronator teres
Pronator quadratus
Which muscle is the most powerful supinator?
Biceps brachii
Which muscle is the most powerful pronator?
Pronator quadratus
What are the actions of serratus anterior?
Protracts and rotates the scapula
What is the innervation of the deltoid muscle?
Axillary nerve
Which nerve is most likely to be fractured at the radial groove?
Radial nerve
What are the actions of teres major?
Adduction and medial rotation of the arm
What is the innervation of biceps brachii?
Musculocutaneous nerve
Which cord of the brachial plexus does the musculocutaneous nerve come from?
Lateral
What is the function of the coracoacromial ligament?
Prevent upper displacement of the humeral head
Which type of joint is the superior radio-ulnar?
Synovial pivot
Which nerve innervates the supinator?
Radial nerve
What are the functions of the glenoid labrum?
Deepens the glenoid cavity and provides shock absorption
