Anatomy - Lower Limb 3 Flashcards
The musculature of the leg is divided into which three compartments?
Anterior
Lateral
Posterior
What are the four muscles in the anterior compartment?
Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibularis tertius
What are the actions of the muscles in the anterior compartment?
Dorsiflexion of the ankle
Extension of the toes
What is dorsiflexion?
Flexing the foot up towards the shin, flexion in the dorsal direction
What are the two divisions of the sciatic nerve?
Tibial nerve
Common fibular nerve
Which branch of the common fibular nerve innervates the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?
Deep fibular nerve
Which terminal branch of the popliteal artery supplies the anterior leg?
Anterior tibial artery
Which artery runs midway between the malleoli?
Dorsalis pedis artery
What are the two muscles in the lateral compartment?
Fibularis longus
Fibularis brevis
What are the actions of the muscles in the lateral compartment?
Eversion of the foot
Plantarflexion of the ankle joint
Which fibular nerve is the nerve of the lateral compartment?
Superficial fibular nerve
What type of joint is the ankle joint?
Synovial hinge
What are the articular surfaces of the ankle?
Distal end of the tibia and fibula
Superior part of the talus
Which ligament of the ankle joint is named the deltoid ligament?
The medial ligament of the talocrural joint
In which position is the ankle most stable?
Dorsiflexion
What type of joint is the superior/proximal tibiofibular joint?
Synovial plane
What type of joint is the inferior/distal tibiofibular joint?
Fibrous
Which muscle forms the upper medial border of the popliteal fossa?
Semimembranosus muscle
Which muscle forms the upper lateral border of the popliteal fossa?
Biceps femoris muscle
Which muscle forms the lower medial border of the popliteal fossa?
Medial head of the gastrocnemius
Which muscle forms the lower lateral border of the popliteal fossa?
Lateral head of the gastrocnemius
What are the contents of the popliteal fossa?
Fat Tibial nerve Common fibular nerve Popliteal artery and vein Small saphenous vein Popliteal lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels
What are the two groups that the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg are divided into?
Superficial
Deep
Which muscle is found in the superficial group of the posterior compartment of the leg?
Gastrocnemius
Which nerve innervates the gastrocnemius muscle?
Tibial nerve
What is the function of the plantaris muscle?
Plantarflexion
What is the action of gastrocnemius?
Ankle and knee flexion
Which nerve innervates all the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg?
Tibial nerve (sciatic)
Which branch of the popliteal artery supplies the posterior compartment of the leg?
Posterior tibial artery
What are the four muscles in the deep group of the posterior compartment of the leg?
Popliteus
Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus
Tibialis posterior
What are the two terminal branches of the tibial nerve which innervate the intrinsic muscles of the foot?
medial and lateral plantar nerves
Which set of interossei adduct the toes?
Plantar interossei
What are the two terminal branches of the posterior tibial artery which supply the foot region?
Medial and lateral artery
What is the spring ligament also known as?
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
