Foreign Affairs: Consequences of Western Expansion

Question 1

What was the National Myth?

Answer 1

The belief that the West of North America was just free land for the USA to take

Question 2

How did the Native Americans contrast the National Myth?

Answer 2

They disproved the National Myth as the West was full of Native American tribes

Question 3

How were Native Americans seen due to the National Myth?

Answer 3

They were seen as savages who were intruders on land that should belong to the USA

Question 4

What was one reason for Western expansion in terms of the amount of Immigrants coming over to the USA?

Answer 4

The population density increased so the government encouraged them to move further West

Question 5

What was one reason for Western expansion in terms of a “special mission” of the USA?

Answer 5

Westward expansion was part of a mission to bring Freedom and Democracy to the whole of North America

Question 6

What would Westward expansion do to positively benefit the USA in terms of with European countries?

Answer 6

It would draw Britain, France and Spain further out of American territory

Question 7

What encouraged Westward expansion in terms of resources? Give an example of this and how many people moved there because of it

Answer 7

Sometimes, newly colonised areas found valuable resources in the area such as with the 1849 California Gold Rush, where over 300,000 people moved to California for this reason

Question 8

What encouraged Western Expansion in terms of politics when the Civil War ended?

Answer 8

There were no longer Slave and Free states, meaning there did not have to be a Slave/Free state balance in Congress

Question 9

Name a massacre in 1864 that marginalised Native Americans

Answer 9

Sand Creek in Colorado

Question 10

How many conflicts were there in 1871 with Native American tribes?

Answer 10

101 conflicts

Question 11

What war broke out with Native Americans in 1876 and why?

Answer 11

The Great Sioux War broke out after Gold was found in the Black Hills in Dakota

Question 12

What did the government originally try and do with white encroachers in the Black Hills when gold was discovered?

Answer 12

Tried to prevent them from going there

Question 13

When the white encroachers overwhelmed the Black Hills, what did the Federal Government rule?

Answer 13

All Native Americans had to leave the Black Hills by the 31st of January 1876 or they would be considered as hostile

Question 14

What deal did the Government try to do with the Native Americans to get them out of Black Hills?

Answer 14

Tried to give them $6 million in compensation

Question 15

What was the long term impact of the white colonisation of Black Hills?

Answer 15

All Native American settlers in that area where completely wiped out

Question 16

Name 2 treaties the USA made with the Native Americans after the Civil War and what year these treaties were made

Answer 16

The Treaty of Medicine Lodge in 1867 and the Treaty of Fort Laramie in 1868

Question 17

What did the Treaty of Medicine Lodge do?

Answer 17

Created new borders for Native American territory

Question 18

What was the Treaty of Medicine Lodge meant to enforce?

Answer 18

Was meant to enforce the protection of Native Americans from White encroachers on their land

Question 19

What event caused the Treaty of Fort Laramie to be created?

Answer 19

The Red Cloud Wars of 1866-68

Question 20

What was the purpose of the 1868 Treaty of Fort Laramie?

Answer 20

To create peace between the USA and Native Americans and move them to Black Hills in Dakota

Question 21

What was a long term negative impact of the Native Americans being moved to Black Hills in Dakota?

Answer 21

In 1876, gold would be discovered there and they had to move to reservation lands.

Question 22

What did Grant shift in the idea of taking land from Native Americans

Answer 22

Instead of taking all Native American lands, there should be some Reservation lands where Native Americans can be safe

Question 23

What Act was created by Grant to create Reservation lands? What year?

Answer 23

1868 Peace Policy

Question 24

How did Hayes try to help the Native Americans during his Presidency?

Answer 24

He created the Bureau of Indian Affairs to prevent corruption in Native American Reservation Areas

Question 25

What did the Federal Government want to do with Native American children?

Answer 25

‘Americanize’ them

Question 26

What type of schools were made for Native American children?

Answer 26

Assimilation schools

Question 27

What was the scale of Assimilation schools by 1899?

Answer 27

By 1899, $2.5 million was being spent each year on 373 Assimilation schools with over 20,000 pupils in total.