Foreign Affairs: Developments in Native American Wars up to 1890 Flashcards
Why did the Nez Perce War Break out? What year did it break out?
Broke out in 1877 as the USA violated the peace treaty made with the Nez Perce from 1873
What battle brought an end to the Nez Perce War?
The Battle of Bear Paw Mountain
Who was the leader of the Nez Perce tribe?
Joseph of the Nez Perce
What was the long term impact of the end of the war for Joseph of the Nez Perce? Who did he meet?
He became a campaigner for the return of Native American Lands, meeting with Hayes and Roosevelt
Which Native American fought a series of wars with the USA and Mexico and Why?
Geronimo, fought the wars because his family was killed in a Mexican Attack
Which leader agreed on reservation land in 1874 for the Apache Tribe?
Cochise
Where did Geronimo escape from and where did he go to? What year did he do this?
He escaped from the negotiated Apache Reservation land and went to Mexico in 1881
What did Geronimo do when he got to Mexico?
Started a war
How long did the war with Mexico last and what was it called?
It lasted from 1881 to 1886 and was called “Geronimo’s War”.
What happened to Geronimo after the end of “Geronimo’s War”? Give an example of something he did?
He became a prominent social figure, meeting with Roosevelt in 1904
Name a USA General who fought in 3 Native American conflicts
General Nelson Miles
What were the 3 conflicts Miles fought in? (2 wars and 1 massacre)
Red River War, Nez Perce War, Wounded Knee Massacre
When did the Battle of Wounded Knee occur?
1890
What was the initial intent of the Union Army?
To negotiate with the Sioux tribe about the Ghost Dance Rebellion
What did the Ghost Dance Rebellion focus on?
They believed that if they did a special dance their ownership of their land would be restored
What was the result of the negotiation at Wounded Knee?
The USA soldiers were fearful of the Native Americans and opened fire on them
What was the result of the Wounded Knee Massacre?
Over 200 Native Americans were killed
What was significant about the Wounded Knee Massacre in terms of relations between the USA and Native Americans?
It showed the lack of trust that the USA had with the Native Americans
What was significant about the Wounded Knee Massacre in terms of with the Ghost Dance rebellion?
It brought an end to the rebellion
Who oversaw the end of the Ghost Dance Rebellion? (So the Wounded Knee Massacre)
General Nelson Miles
Native American War called: “The Great _____ War”
The Great Sioux War
When did the Great Sioux War start?
1876
How many years did the Great Sioux War last?
10-12 years
What event started the Great Sioux War of 1876?
White encroachers in the Black Hills of Dakota due to gold being there
Why were the Sioux displeased with White encroachers in the Black Hills?
It was meant to be a reservation land that should have gone undisturbed
What did the Government initially try to do with the Black Hill encroachers?
Tell them to not go there
What did the Government eventually do with the Black Hill Native American residents?
Told them to move somewhere else by the 31st of January 1876 or be considered hostile and likely be killed
What did the Government try and do in terms of money with the Native Americans initially with the Black Hills issue?
Give them $6 million in compensation
What was the situation for most Native American conflicts by 1890? Why?
They were mostly over as all Native Americans had now been put in to permanent Reservation lands.
