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History of America 1865-90 - The Gilded Age 1877-1890 > American Expansion and Foreign Issues from 1865-90 > Flashcards

American Expansion and Foreign Issues from 1865-90 Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Manifest Destiny

A

The belief that the USA would eventually span from the Atlantic to the Pacific

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2
Q

When did the term “Manifest Destiny” first appear?

A

1845

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3
Q

Why did the USA not want to get involved with Europe?

A

They considered it the “Old World” and it was ran by Monarchies when the USA was a Democracy

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4
Q

What occurred in the 1860s which made the USA have to focus on itself even more?

A

The Civil War with the South

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5
Q

What policy did the USA take with the rest of the world at this time?

A

Isolationism

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6
Q

Why did the USA not bother with the rest of the world in terms of expansion?

A

They wished to expand further West and also had to deal with Native Americans at this time

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7
Q

What was holding America back from mass Western Expansion after the Civil War?

A

Many people wanted to recover and reunite the USA

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8
Q

What was holding America back from mass Western Expansion in terms of with Mexico and Canada?

A

They wanted to reduce tensions over borders with these locations

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9
Q

How did Spain play a role in the USA being more able to expand after the Civil War?

A

Spain was unable to keep hold of their territory in America

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10
Q

How many strands of Isolationism developed in the 1800s?

A

3

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11
Q

Name the 3 strands of Isolationism that developed

A

Anti-Colonialism, Geographical Isolation, Land of the Free

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12
Q

What did the Geographical Isolation idea say?

A

America should stay Isolationist as they were safe with the protection of two large oceans around them

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13
Q

What did the Land of the Free Isolationism Idea say?

A

The USA was a refuge from persecution, as it was for the Pilgrim Fathers

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14
Q

When was the Monroe Doctrine Created?

A

1823

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15
Q

What did the Monroe Doctrine say?

A

Europe was not allowed to intervene with Latin America

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16
Q

What did the Monroe Doctrine later say after it was updated?

A

It said Europe was not allowed to interfere in the USA intervening with Latin America

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17
Q

What was the Monroe Doctrine connected to the idea of?

A

Isolationism

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18
Q

What European involvement violated the Monroe Doctrine during the Civil War?

A

France and Austria came together to attempt to establish an Empire in Mexico

19
Q

Why were the USA not able to fully focus on getting rid of the threat of France and Austria in Mexico initially?

A

They were focussed on the Civil War

20
Q

What did Congress consider the intervention of France and Austria to be and what did Grant say?

A

Congress classed it as an Invasion and Grant wanted to send troops to end it

21
Q

What is possibly significant about Grant wanting to send troops to stop the French-Austrian Mexico invasion?

A

It could show that after the Civil War, the Union army was now large and confident it could defeat other threats

22
Q

Who was Seward?

A

Secretary of State

23
Q

What island did Seward purchase to make in to a military base?

A

Sand Island

24
Q

What treaty did Seward attempt to make with Colombia and for what reason?

A

Seward tried to make a deal with Colombia to build a canal with them but it was unsuccessful

25
Q

What did Seward carefully avoid with conflicts?

A

Avoided fighting directly with Mexico during the Austrian invasion

26
Q

What island did Seward manage to buy in the middle of the pacific?

A

Midway Island

27
Q

What is the significance of buying all of these small islands slightly further away from the USA?

A

It showed the growing global influence they would eventually have on the world

28
Q

What piece of land did Seward purchase from Russia in 1867?

A

Alaska

29
Q

How much did Seward buy Alaska for?

A

$7.2 million

30
Q

Give 2 reasons why Seward bought Alaska

A

To keep good relations with Russia, to expand to Northern Asia where they could make harbours for USA ships refueling

31
Q

How did many people feel about Seward buying Alaska? What did they call it?

A

Many people opposed it, calling it Sewards Folly

32
Q

What was the long term significance of buying Alaska?

A

There ended up being a lot of oil on it

33
Q

How did the France-Austria invasion of Mexico end for France?

A

France lost interest in Mexico and left

34
Q

How did the France-Austria invasion of Mexico end for Austria?

A

The leader of Austria had little popularity in Mexico and was killed by a Mexican firing squad in 1867 after a guerilla warfare campaign led by Benito Juarez

35
Q

How did the end of the French-Austrian invasion help the idea of Manifest Destiny and the Monroe Doctrine?

A

The Monroe Doctrine had overpowered the invaders as they left or died, fuelling more expansion

36
Q

What Protectorate was created with a nation after the Civil War?

A

A Protectorate with the Dominican Republic was created

37
Q

Where is the Dominican Republic located and why is this significant?

A

Located in the Caribbean, meaning that the USA was also closer to Europe and Africa in terms of with future trade possibly

38
Q

How was the Monroe Doctrine also exercised with taking over the Dominican Republic?

A

It used to be owned by Spain, but the power of the Monroe Doctrine got rid of them, fuelling further expansionist ideas

39
Q

Name 2 Trade Treaties made after the Civil War

A

Samoa Trade Treaty, Hawaii Trade Treaty

40
Q

What happened to Seward in 1869?

A

He died

41
Q

Who took over from Seward?

A

Hamilton Fish

42
Q

What did Fish organise in 1875 with Hawaii?

A

He made it so that the USA could import Hawaiian sugar and Hawaii would not have to pay taxes but in exchange for Hawaii only buying things from the USA

43
Q

What was the significance of the deal made with Hawaii?

A

It would make the island fully dependent on the USA, potentially allowing for an easier acquiring of it in the future as a state.

History of America 1865-90 - The Gilded Age 1877-1890 (50 decks)

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