Forearm to hand Flashcards
what are the parts of the radius ?
- radial head
- neck
- radial tuberosity
- interosseous border
- styloid process
what is a distal radial fracture ?
weight going through the dorsal aspect of the forearm
what is colle’s fracture ?
one of the most common wrist injuries made up of distal radius fractures with dorsal displacement.
where is the ulna located in regards to the radius ?
more medial bone in the forearm
what does the ulna and radius articulate together ?
pronation and supination
how are the radius and ulna placed when in pronation
crossed
what are the joints of the hands ?
- CMC (carpal metacarpal)
- MCP (metacarpal phalangeal)
- PIP (proximal interphalangeal)
- DIP (distal interphalangel)
what are the four forearm flexors in the superficial layer ? (pass, fail, pass, fail)
- pronator teres
- flexor carpi radialis
- palmaris longus
- flexor carpi ulnaris
- brochioradialis
what is the pronator teres responsible for ?
forearm pronation
what is the flexor carpi radialis responsible for ?
wrist flexion + hand abduction
what is the palmaris longus responsible for ?
wrist flexion
what is the flexor carpi ulnas responsible for ?
wirst flexion and hand adduction
what is the brachioradialis responsible for ?
elbow flexion
what are the nerves of the superficial layer of the forearm flexors
median, ulnar and radial
what are the three forearm flexors of the middle + deep layers ?
- RIP flexion
- DIP flexion
- forearm pronation : pronator quadratus
what are the nerves of the muscles + deep layers of the forearm flexorsx ?
median and ulnar
what nerve innervates the forearm extensors ?
radial
what is epicondylitis ?
inflammation fo tendons at either medial or lateral epicondyle
what is golfer’s elbow ?
a condition that causes pain where the tendons of your forearm muscles attach to the bony bump on the inside of your elbow
what are the two bones of the forearm ?
radius and ulna
which muscles of the forearm are innervated by the median and ulnar nerve ?
flexors (anterior)
which muscles of the forearm are innervated by the radial nerve ?
posterior and brachioradialis
what do flexor + extensor retinaculum do ?
hold tendons in place
what holds tendons in place ?
flexor + extensor retinaculum
what is the acronyms for carpal bones ?
some lovers try positions that they cannot handle
name the eight carpal bones :
- scaphoid
- lunate
- triquetrum
- posifform
- trapezium
- trapezoid
- capitate
- hamate
what are the ligaments of the wrist ?
- radio collateral ligament
- radoiocarpal ligaments
- ulnar collateral ligament
- radioulnar ligament
describe the distal radioulnar joint :
- articulation between radius + ulna
- contains an articulatiar disc (to cushion)
- pronation / supination
describe the radoiocarpal joint :
- articulation between radius + scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum + articular disc from radiulnar joint
what bone doesn’t participate in radoiocarpal joint ?
ulna
what are the forearm flexor muscles acting on the wrist ?
- palmaris longus
- flexor carpi radialis
- flexor carpi ulnas
- flexor digitorum superficialis
- flexor digitorum profundus
what are the forearm pronators muscles acting on the wrist ?
- pronator teres
- pronator quadratura
what are the forearm supinators ?
- biceps
- supinator
what are the two joints :
- radoiocarpal
- distal radioulnar
what are the extension + abduction of thumb of the outcropping muscles ?
- abductor pollicis longus
- extensor pollicis longus
- extensor pollicis brevis
what four muscles make up the intrinsic muscles of the hand ?
- lumbricals
- hypothenar
- dorsal interossi (4)
- palmar interossi (3)
what does the lumbricals muscles of the hand do ?
cause flexion at metacarpophalangeal joint and extend the intephalangeal joint
nerve 1 & 2 = what nerve ?
median
nerve 3 & 4 = what nerve ?
ulnar
what does the dorsal interossi muscles of the hand do ?
abduct digits from midline (DAB)
what nerve is associated with the dorsal interossi muscles of the hand ?
ulnar
what does the palmar interossei muscles of the hand do ?
adduct digits to midline (3PAD)
what nerve is associated with the palmer muscles of the hand ?
ulnar
how do the thumb and pinky move ?
they have their own series of muscles (thenar and hypothenar muscles)
