Fluency Assessment & Intervention Flashcards

Question

What is a behavioral checklist?

Answer 1

Checklist for the child to identify their style of coping with sounds, words, and situations Yes/No questions

Answer 2

Measurement of tension using GSR, EEG, EMG Greater tension = greater probability of a block VF occludes and airflow + voicing ceases

Answer 3

- Hesitations before the feared word (can be subtle) - Thinking (similar words and circumlocutions) - Using sounds (e.g., “ah”) or words (e.g., you know, let me see) to postpone ot assist initiation–starting tricks

Answer 4

Identifying loss of control in another speaker has yet to be demonstrated empirically Nevertheless, over the years authors have suggest that is possible for experienced clinicians who become calibrated to their clients to be able to accurately identify such moments

Answer 5

Formal assessment Measures a child’s attitudes regarding communication **Higher score = more probably of negative attitudes regarding communication** Mean score of the kinder through 4th grade stutterers → 9.07 (S.D. = 2.44) 28 matched controls → (S.D. = 1.80) This assess affective and has 19 questions that’s why it’s calls A19–for kids

Answer 6

For **adults** Erickson (1969)’s S24 scale for **attitudes regarding verbal communication** 39 true-false items differentiate PWS from PWNS

Answer 7

Overall Assessment of the Speakers Experience of Stuttering - Evaluate the impact of stuttering on a person’s life - Affective, behavioral, and cognitive factors of stuttering - Adults and children

Answer 8

Fluency shaping

Answer 9

Reductions in stuttering frequency when speaking in the presence of loud noise–e.g., near ocean surf, a waterfall, or a passing train. Stutterers were unable to hear their own speech Inference: the inability to hear one’s own speech–rather than mere distraction–produced the effect “Relatively free from the anxiety–producing cues involved” Verified repeatedly and extensively So pag di masyado naririnig ng stutterer sarili niya nawawala yung fear and anxiety niya and nababawasan yung stuttering

Answer 10

For many persons who stutter, speaking **under DAF reduced stuttering frequency** In contrast,DAF tends to increase the frequency of disfluencies in typically fluent speakers Whether feedback can create durable therapeutic improvements in fluency in spontaneous speech outside the research laboratory or clinic is still under investigation

Answer 11

Repeated exposed to the stutterer’s **error–free, target behavior ** Editing video to select segments portraying **desired performance ** Improves

Answer 12

Hypnosis and suggestion Psychotherapy Pharmaceutical management alone

Answer 13

- **Voluntary stuttering** - Fluency enhancement through a change in the stutterer’s manner of speaking - Bring the problem out into the open and to be **willing to stutter** - Discuss the stuttering freely and casually - Willingness to enter difficult speech situations **Increasing acceptance of dysfluency decreases breakdowns in AWS ** Refusal to use word substitutions or other tricks for avoiding stuttering

Answer 14

Emphasis on “situational” work → feared situations, feared persons–that is the venue or person during therapy Clients were taken outside the speech clinic and challenged to maintain an objective attitude in feared situations

Answer 15

(1) Begin the word with the articulators in a state of rest (2) Say the first sound as a movement leading into the next sound (3) initiate voice or airflow immediately on the attempt “Easy onsets” → Preparatory sets

Answer 16

Pull-outs If people began to stutter: finishing the word with a smooth, controlled, gliding prolongation (there is still stutter but it will be smooth, controlled, gliding, prolongation) No frantic struggle to escape → immediate effect of increasing fluency

Answer 17

Pausing Study their feelings and behavior and immediately tried the word again Not to say the word fluently on the seconds attempt but to make some change for the better in their way of stuttering

Answer 18

- Reducing efforts to avoid showing stuttering - Reducing efforts to conceal one’s identity as a person with stuttering - Fluency is achieved as a byproduct of self-acceptance and letting go of efforts to control speech → modifying feelings and attitudes in an attempt to improve primary behaviors - Role conflict - most persons with stuttering could perfectly fluent when speaking along - Speaking fluently → expectations of continued fluency (remove the expectation) Result: heightening anxiety and leading to increased stuttering (this is what we need to reduce) Mas matanggap yung stuttering and wag ma anxiety and wag iavoid pag may expected kang magsstutterpara malessen ang stuttering

Answer 19

Introducing the idea of stuttering on purpose Voluntary, intentional, or pseudostuttering Clear indication of the fear associated with the stuttering experience Until the speaker is able to decrease excessive levels of fear, they will have little success in the succeeding steps of treatment Paramg exposure therapy, magstutter ka ng sadya para ma desentisize ka and maa mabawasan fear mo

Answer 20

- Rate modification - Continuous voicing - Easy onset of phonation and gentle articulatory contacts - Work to normalize breathing

Answer 21

Fluency enhancement through a **change in the stutterer’s manner of speaking** Speech restructuring techniques can reduce stuttering frequency by about **50% to 60%**

Answer 22

Prolong segments (**continuants–vowels, liquids, and glides** ) in spoken utterances Especially voiced components such as vowels, glides, and liquids Other sounds (stops, fricatives) are unnatural when prolonged

Answer 23

**Increased fluency** when they time their speech to a rhythmic beat such as the ticking of a metronome Control the rate **Distraction, rhythmicity, cues for the next sound**

Answer 24

Providing a **signal that a stuttering behavior occurred** - Toy/light activates during moment of stutter In adults: can be amorphous Aversive for some, receptive for others Some benefited very little, while others benefited more extensively

Answer 25

Modification > Shaping

Answer 26

- Manage or decrease any factors or conditions that appear to increase disfluency - Rather than “directly” intervening with speech and fluency - Managing speaking when: fatigues, excited , angry, pressured, or in a competitive environment - Some immediate improvement in fluency may be achieved Manage yung environment ng bata na mostly nagccause ng stuttering niya (which is wit parents lol)

Answer 27

(1) Slowing parental speaking rate (2) Reducing interrupting behaviors (3) Reducing “simultalk” (4) Expanding waiting time between the child’s utterances and parental responses (5) Acknowledging (rather than ignoring) the child’s speech difficulty

Answer 28

Good outcomes from a **treatment regimen administered by parents**

Answer 29

**15 minutes daily activities**designed to maximize the child’s opportunities for fluency Under guidance of an SLP who meets with the family on a weekly basis to observe the child

Answer 30

- Defined as the maintenance stage → contingencies are fewer, and distributed throughout natural speaking situations - Direct therapy Fluent speech → praise, request the child’s evaluation, acknowledge Stuttering (SLDs) → acknowledge, request self-correction

Answer 31

Components of indirect therapy, based on **reducing motoric, linguistic, cognitive, and emotional stressors on children’s fluency** Following initial weekly, hour-long sessions that involve the parent only, sessions are for both parent and child so that the therapist can observe how recommendations are being implemented and the child’s response. Therapists also employ similar strategies in direct work with children, particularly issues of the child’s response to stuttering, including desensitization strategies