fishy

Question 1

what is the big space inside a fish’s mouth called

Answer 1

buccal cavity

Question 2

what is the flap that the water exits out of the mouth called

Answer 2

the operculum

Question 3

what is the organ that the operculum protects

Answer 3

gills

Question 4

what are the three parts of the gills

Answer 4

the gill arch which is like the backbone, the gill filaments which come out of it and the gill lamellae which are on them

Question 5

what are the steps of movement of water over the gills of a fish

Answer 5

Operculum and mouth open
Bottom of the buccal cavity lowered
Water rushes in to fill the space created.
Water rushes in to fill the space created.
The bottom of the buccal cavity is brought upwards, which shrinks the volume of the cavity.
Water pushes open the operculum

Question 6

which has a higher oxygen concentration, the blood in the lamellae or the water

Answer 6

the water has a higher concentration forming a concentration gradient which allows the diffusion of oxygen into the lamellae

Question 7

how do fish get rid of CO2 made in muscles from respiration

Answer 7

diffuses out from the lamellae into the water during respiration

Question 8

what are the three key adaptation so the gills which makes them efficient at respiration

Answer 8

short diffusion pathway, large surface area and a counter current flow

Question 9

what are the features of lamellae that create a short diffusion pathway between the blood and water?

Answer 9

capillaries close to the surface, Surface made up of a single layer of flattened cells

Question 10

how do the gills achieve a large surface area

Answer 10

multiple gill arches with lots of gill filaments that are covered in lamellae

Question 11

how does the counter-current flow make gas exchange more efficient

Answer 11

by maintaining a steep oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration gradient along the length of each lamellae