bugs and grubs Flashcards
what are the tiny holes in the hard outer casing of an insect called and what do they do
the spiracle, they allow the air to flow in and out of the body
what connects the spiracles to the muscle in the insect body
trachea and the tracheole
what is the fluid within the trachea
tracheal fluid
what is chitin
makes up the spirals within the trachea and stops them from collapsing
what are the two adaptations of the trachea that make them efficient at gas exchange
large number of tracheoles and walls that are 1 cell thick
How does oxygen cross the tracheal fluid?
Oxygen dissolves into the tracheal fluid before diffusing into the muscle tissue.
what do insects do when they need to increase their rate of respiration
they absorb their tracheal fluid into their muscles and replace it with air to increase the rate of diffusion (wow)
how do insects actively force air in and out of their spiracles
flexing their thorax and abdomen
what are an insects adaptations to reduce water loss
waterproof outer layer on exoskeleton, spiracles can be closed
