First Aid Drug reactions Flashcards
Coronary vasospasm
Sumatriptan, cocaine
Cutaneous flushing
Vancomycin, adenosine, niacin, calcium channel blockers
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Doxorubicin, daunorubicin
Torsades de pointes
Class IA (quinidine) and Class III (sotalol) antiarrhythmics
Agranulocytosis
Carbamazepine, clozapine, colchicine, propylthiouracil, methimazole, dapsone, ticlopidine (neutropenia)
Aplastic anemia
Chloramphenicol, benzene, NSAIDs, propylthiouracil, methimazole
Direct Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia
Methyldopa
Gray baby syndrome
Chloramphenicol
Hemolysis in G6PD patients
Sulfonamides, nitrofurantoin, isoniazid, primaquine, aspirin, ibuprofen
Megaloblastic anemia
Phenytoin, methotrexate, sulfa drugs
Thrombotic complications
OCPs
Cough
ACE inhibitors
Pulmonary fibrosis
Bleomycin, amiodarone, busulfan
Acute cholestatic hepatitis
Macrolides
Focal to massive hepatic necrosis
Acetominophen, halothane, vaproic acid, amanita phalloides (death cap mushroom)
Hepatitis
Isoniazid, statins
Pseudomembranous colitis
Ampicillin, clindamycin
Adrenocorticol insufficiency
Glucocorticoid withdrawal
Gynecomastia
Ketoconazole, spironolactone, eplerenone, digitalis, cimetidine, chronic alcohol use, estrogens
Hot flashes
Tamoxifen, clomiphene
Hypothyroidism
Amiodarone, sulfonamides, lithium
Hyperglycemia
Thiazides, niacin, tacrolimus, protease inhibitors
Fat redistribution
Glucocorticoids, protease inhibitors
Gingival hyperplasia
Verapamil, phenytoin
Gout
Furosemide, thiazides, niacin, cyclosporine, pyrazinamide, low dose salicylates
Myopathies
Fibrates, niacin, colchicine, hydroxychlorquine, interferon alpha, penicillamine, statins, glucocorticoids
Osteoporosis
Corticosteroids, heparin
Photosensitivity
Sulfonamides, amiodarone, tetracycline
Rash (Stevens-Johnson Syndrome)
Penicillin, sulfa drugs, allopurinol, ethosuximide, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, phenytoin, phenobarbital
SLE-like syndrome
Hydralazine, isoniazid, procainamide, phenytoin
Tendonitis, tendon rupture, and cartilage damage (kids)
Fluoroquinolones
Diabetes insipidus
Lithium, demeclocycline
Fanconi’s syndrome
Expired tetracycline
Interstitial nephritis
NSAIDs, methicillin, furosemide
Hemorrhagic cystitis
Cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide (prevent by administering with mesna)
SIADH
Carbamazepine, cyclophosphamide
Cinchonism
Quinidine, quinine
Parkinson-like syndrome
Haloperidol, -azines (antipsychotics), reserpine, metoclopromide
Seizures
Bupropion, imipenem/cilastatin, isoniazid
Tardive dyskinesia
Antipsychotics
Antimuscarinic
Atropine, TCAs, H1 blockers, neuroleptics (antipsychotics and atypical antipsychotics), digoxin
Disulfiram-like reaction
Metronidazole, cephalosporins, procarbazine, 1st-generation sulfonylureas
Nephrotoxicity/ototoxicity
Aminoglycosides, vancomycin, loop diuretics, cisplatin
p450 inducers
St. Johns wort, quinidine*, carbamazepine, griseofulvin, chronic EtOH abuse, rifampin, barbiturates, phenytoin
p450 inhibitors
Macrolides, amiodarone, grapefruit juice, isoniazid, cimetidine, ritonavir, acute EtOH abuse, ciprofloxacin, ketoconzaole, sulfonamides
Sulfa drug allergies (fever, urinary tract infection, pruritic rash, Stevens-Johnsons syndrome, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, and urticaria)
Probenecid, furosemide, acetazolamide, celecoxib, thiazides, sulfonamide antibiotics, sulfonylureas, sulfasalazine