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PPPVN > First Aid > Flashcards

First Aid Flashcards

1
Q

Which legislature states that anyone can provide first aid care to an animal in need?

A

Veterinary Surgeons Act 1966

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2
Q

What does ‘under direction of vet surgeon’ mean?

A

Vet surgeon doesn’t need to be present - just needs to be on premises

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3
Q

What does ‘direct continuous personal supervision’ mean?

A

Surgeon must be present and giving undivided attention at all times

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4
Q

What are some life-threatening conditions?

A

Severe bleeding, respiratory distress, collapse/unconsciousness, rapid abdominal distension, sudden neurological signs, severe V+/D+, bone fracture, witnessed ingestion of toxin, dystocia (obstructed labour)

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5
Q

What is a non-life-threatening condition?

A

Mild/moderate V+/D+, small wounds (minimal blood loss), polyuria/polydipsia, single seizure

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6
Q

What is cystitis?

A

Inflammation of bladder

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7
Q

What is haematemesis?

A

Vomiting blood

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8
Q

Which parameters should be measured in the primary survey?

A

Heart/pulse rate, temperature, RR and effort, capillary refill, mucous membrane colour, gait, mentation

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9
Q

What findings suggest severe respiratory distress?

A

Cyanosis, open mouth breathing (esp. cats), abducted elbows, extended neck, paradoxical respiratory movement, dilated pupils

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10
Q

What should be involved in the neurological assessment?

A

Can they feel limbs?- pain test digits, is gait normal, are they normally responsive, any seizures

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11
Q

What does obtunded mean?

A

Rousable

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12
Q

What does stuporous mean?

A

Rousable with painful stimuli

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13
Q

What is the purpose of the secondary survey?

A

Identify problems that could rapidly become life-threatening

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14
Q

What are signs of actual/impending cardiac arrest?

A
  • Agonal gasping
  • No heartbeat/weak and rapid pulses
  • Loss of consciousness
  • Fixed dilated pupils with no reflex
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15
Q

What are the common nasal emergencies?

A

Epistaxis (bleeding from nose), nasal foreign body

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16
Q

What are the common ocular emergencies?

A

Traumatic proptosis, foreign body, scratches/lacerations, ulcer, glaucoma, sudden-onset blindness

17
Q

What is shock defined as?

A

The circulation not being able to transport enough oxygen to meet the tissues needs

18
Q

What is hypovolaemic shock?

A

Reduced circulating blood volume

Loss of blood/fluids in haemorrhage/D+/V+

19
Q

What is distributive shock?

A

Septic/ toxic/ anaphylactic/ neurogenic shock - loss of peripheral resistance (blood pools in small vessels)

20
Q

What is cardiogenic shock?

A

Heart unable to pump sufficiently

21
Q

What is obstructive shock?

A

Physical obstruction of the heart/major vessels

22
Q

What is pericardial effusion?

A

Buildup of fluid in the pericardium

23
Q

What is aortic thromboembolism?

A

Blood clot in aorta

24
Q

What is hyperkalaemia?

A

Elevated potassium

25
Q

What is hypoadrenocorticism?

A

Addison’s disease (adrenal glands produce insufficient hormones?

26
Q

What is diabetic ketoacidosis?

A

Ketone buildup due to insufficient insulin

27
Q

What are 3 urological emergencies?

A

Renal failure, urethral obstruction, uroabdomen

28
Q

What timeframe is emesis effective? (toxins)

A

1-3 hours from ingestion

29
Q

When should you not induce emesis?

A

Caustic/acidic substances, volatile petroleum

Patients with cardiac/laryngeal disease, seizing patients, patients that cannot vomit

30
Q

What are some GI emergencies?

A

Obstructions, severe vomiting/diarrhoea, gastric dilation-volvulus (twisting)

31
Q

What is paraphimosis?

A

Penis stuck

32
Q

What are signs of respiratory distress in cats?

A
  • 40+ breaths per min
  • hunched over and hiding
  • coughing
  • open-mouthed breathing
33
Q

What are signs of respiratory distress in dogs?

A
  • 40+ breaths per min
  • Coughing (night)
  • Exercise intolerance
  • Anxious and restless
  • Sternal recumbency - will not lay on side
34
Q

What is tension pneumothorax?

A

Air in the pleural space (life-threatening)

35
Q

What are the nursing ABC’s?

A

Airway, Breathing, Circulation

PPPVN (19 decks)

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