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Anatomy > Final Review > Flashcards

Final Review Flashcards

0
Q

Superior

A

Towards the head upper or above

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1
Q

Inferior

A

Back, in back of

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2
Q

Anterior

A

Front, in front of

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3
Q

Posterior

A

Back, in back of

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4
Q

medial

A

Towards towards the midline of the body

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5
Q

lateral

A

Towards the side of the body; away from the midline

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6
Q

proximal

A

towards or nearest the trunk of the body

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7
Q

distal

A

away from or farthest from the trunk or point of origin

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8
Q

Superficial

A

near the surface

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9
Q

Deep

A

away from the body surface

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10
Q

Supine

A

lying down face up

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11
Q

prone

A

lying face down

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12
Q

T/F

the heart is found anterior to the rib cage

A

False

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13
Q

T/F

The stomach is superior to the diaphram

A

false

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14
Q

T/F

the nose is located on the posterior surface of the body

A

False

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15
Q

T/F

the elbow lies distal to the forearm

A

false

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16
Q

T/F

the lungs lie lateral to the heart

A

true

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17
Q

T/F

the frontal plane divides the body into superior and inferior sections

A

false

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18
Q

T/F

the transverse plane divide the body into the right and left sides

A

false

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19
Q

T/F

the sagital plane divides your body into anterior and posterior sections

A

false

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20
Q

T/F

the ventral cavity lies posterior to the dorsal cavity

A

false

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21
Q

T/F

the dorsal cavity consist of the brain and the spinal cord

A

true

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22
Q

T/F

poplitteal is the front of the knee

A

false

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23
Q

T/F

Your axillary is your jaw bone

A

false

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24
Q

T/F

zygomatic means cheek

A

true

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25
Q

a lenghtwise plane running from fron to back that divides the body into equal right and left sides is called

A

midsagital

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26
Q

the thoracic portion of the ventral cavity is separated from teh abdominopelvic portion by a muscle called the

A

diaphram

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27
Q

The plane that divides the superior from the inferior is know as the ____ plane

A

transverse

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28
Q

The dorsal body cavity contains components of teh

A

nervous system

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29
Q

In the anatomical postition

A

The dorsal body cavity is posterior to the ventral cavity
the palms face towards the front of the body
the body is erect

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30
Q

Gluteal

A

Buttock

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31
Q

Femoral

A

thigh

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32
Q

Digital

A

toes and fingers

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33
Q

cubital

A

elbow

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34
Q

Axillary

A

armpit

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35
Q

Antebrachial

A

Forearm

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36
Q

Zygomatic

A

cheek

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37
Q

Orbital

A

eyeball

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38
Q

Tarsal

A

Ankle

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39
Q

Mammary

A

breast

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40
Q

Cephalic

A

head

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41
Q

Temporal

A

side of the skull

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42
Q

hyper

A

exessive, more than normal, too much

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43
Q

sub

A

below, under

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44
Q

dys

A

Bad, painful, abnormal

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45
Q

pro

A

before, forward

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46
Q

Trans

A

across, through

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47
Q

Retro

A

behind

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48
Q

Exo

A

outside

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49
Q

Aut

A

self

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50
Q

hypo

A

below, less than normal, under

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51
Q

Endo

A

before, forward

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52
Q

Re

A

back

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53
Q

dia

A

complete, thorough

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54
Q

Cyte

A

cell

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55
Q

ism

A

condition, process

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56
Q

globin

A

protein

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57
Q

itis

A

inflammation

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58
Q

algia

A

pain

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59
Q

gram

A

record, measurement

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60
Q

ectomy

A

cutting out, removal, excision

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61
Q

emia

A

blood condition

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62
Q

al

A

pertaining to

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63
Q

ic

A

pertaining to

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64
Q

oma

A

tumor mass

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65
Q

sis

A

state of

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66
Q

tomy

A

process of cutting into, incision

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67
Q

Transports air in and out of the body

A

respiratory system

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68
Q

secretes hormones and sentds them to the blood and body

A

endocrine

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69
Q

electrical messages to and from the brain 7 spinal cord

A

nervous system

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70
Q

reproductive system containing uterus, ovaries and cervix

A

female reproductive system

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71
Q

reproductive system containing testes , penis and prostate gland

A

male reproductive

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72
Q

produces urine and sends it out of the body

A

urinary system

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73
Q

breaks food down and sends nutrients to the blood stream

A

digestive

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74
Q

Transports O2, CO2 and proteins throughout the body

A

circulatory system

75
Q

touch, smell, sight, and hearing are part of this sytem

A

skin and sense organs system

76
Q

supports the body and allows for movement

A

musculoskeletal

77
Q

A double membran surrounding the lungs

A

pleura

78
Q

C1-C7, T1-T12, L1-L5, S1-S5 and the coccygeal are all parts of the

A

spinal column

79
Q

The lumbar vertebrae are found at the ____ of the vertebral column

A

bottom

80
Q

membrane surrounding the organs in the abdomen

A

peritoneum

81
Q

dys

A

under

82
Q

post

A

behind

83
Q

re

A

behind

84
Q

epi

A

above

85
Q

ante

A

before

86
Q

ultra

A

beyond

87
Q

meta

A

beyond

88
Q

intra

A

within

89
Q

hyper

A

with

90
Q

hypo

A

before

91
Q

extra

A

outside

92
Q

ec

A

outside

93
Q

mal

A

bad

94
Q

con

A

with

95
Q

endo

A

within

96
Q

“Protein factories” makes enzymes/proteins

A

ribosome

97
Q

“highway” of the cell that transports and recieves synthesized

A

rough er

98
Q

“highway” of teh cell that transports and recieves synthesized lipids and carbohydrates

A

Smooth er

99
Q

“powerhouse” of the cell, AtP synthesis occurs here

A

Mitochondria

100
Q

“post office” of teh cell, packages proteins

A

Golgi apparatus

101
Q

“digestive system” of the cell gets rid of waste

A

lysosome

102
Q

lie in a 90 degree angle ; help with cell division or reproduction

A

centrioles

103
Q

Tail of sperm, aides in movement

A

flagella

104
Q

phospholipid bilayer that allows movement into and out of the cell

A

plasma membrane

105
Q

Dictates protein synthesis; plays role in active transport, metaboism, growth, and heredity

A

nucleus

106
Q

ATP

A

energy required for active transport process is obtained from here

107
Q

Adipose

A

fat tissue specialized to store lipids

108
Q

Areolar

A

most common type of connective tissue, give form to organs

109
Q

cilia

A

short hairlike structure that helps move things along teh cell

110
Q

columnar

A

cells that are higher than they are wide

111
Q

cuboidal

A

cube shaped cell

112
Q

cytoplasm

A

gellike substance of the cell in which organelles are contained

113
Q

DNA

A

genetic material of the cell; plays crucial role in protein synthesis

114
Q

Interphase

A

DNA replicates itself during this time; also considered “resting”

115
Q

mitosis

A

cell division

116
Q

organelle

A

“little organs’ found in the cytoplasm of a cell with a specific job

117
Q

RNA

A

copy of DNA that is used to help in cell division

118
Q

Squamous

A

flat and scalelike cell

119
Q

Transcription

A

unwinding of DNa molecule and forming mRNA

120
Q

Translation

A

protein synthesis by ribosome

121
Q

Diffusion

A

small particles move from high concentration to low concentration

122
Q

Filtration

A

movement of water and small solutes across a permeable membrane

123
Q

osmosis

A

diffusion of water across a permeable membrane

124
Q

phagocytosis

A

“to eat” engulf at eat foreign material with the help of a lysosome

125
Q

Diaphysis

A

shaft made of hard compact bone

126
Q

Yellow bone marrow

A

inactive fatty form of marrow found in adult skeleton

127
Q

ligaments

A

attach bone to bone

128
Q

Periosteum

A

“skin of bone” fiberous membrane covering a long bone

129
Q

Osetocyte

A

living bone cells

130
Q

Chondrocytes

A

cartilage cells

131
Q

Ossification

A

cartilage changing to bone

132
Q

Canaliculi

A

tiny passages or canals found in bone

133
Q

Red bone marrow

A

blood cell formation takes place here

134
Q

epiphyses

A

ends of long bone; place where you find spongy bones

135
Q

sutures

A

immovable joint; can be found on the skull

136
Q

epiphyseal plate

A

place where the bones grow

137
Q

articulations

A

joints

138
Q

homopoiesis

A

to make blood, blood cell formation

139
Q

How do true ribs attach to the sternum

A

by cartilage

140
Q

How many true ribs does the axial skeleton have

A

14

141
Q

the longest bone of the body is the

A

femur

142
Q

The spinal cord enter the cranium through a large hole in the bone

A

occipital

143
Q

Freely moveable joints are

A

diarthroses

144
Q

Ligaments grow out of the

A

periosteum

145
Q

The largest joint in your body is the

A

knee

146
Q

When you rotate your head are using this type of joint

A

pivot

147
Q

The medullary cavity is filled with this

A

yellow bone marrow

148
Q

The bone grows from the

A

epiphysis

149
Q

Prolonged inactivity causesmuscles to shrinkin mass, a condition called

A

disuse atrophy

150
Q

Walking is an example of which type of contractions

A

isotonic

151
Q

pushing against a wall is an example of which type of contraction

A

isometric

152
Q

Endurance training is also known as

A

aerobic training

153
Q

In most cases isotonic contraction of muscles produces movement at a/an

A

joint

154
Q

fluid filled sacs

A

bursae

155
Q

attaches muscles to bone

A

tendons

156
Q

the middle portion of the muscle, excludes the ends of the muscle

A

body

157
Q

neuromuscular junction

A

point of contatct between the nerve ending and muscle fiber

158
Q

Extension

A

movement that makes an angle at a joint larger

159
Q

Threshold stimulus

A

Minimum level of stimulation required for a fiber to contract

160
Q

lactic acid

A

builds up from a lack of oxygen to muscles during excercise

161
Q

fever

A

elevation in body temperature

162
Q

tetanic contraction

A

sustained, steady response by a series of stimuli on a muscle

163
Q

hypothermia

A

decrease in body temperature

164
Q

sarcomere

A

a functional or contracile unit of skeletal muscle

165
Q

smooth muscle

A

involuntary muscles found in your organs

166
Q

prime mover

A

muscle responsible for producing a particular movement

167
Q

tonic contraction

A

allows us to maintain body posture

168
Q

T/F
if muscles cells are stimulated repeatedly without adequate periods of rest, the strength of the muscle contraction will decrease resulting in fatigue

A

true

169
Q

T/F

an adequate stimulus will contract a muscle fiber completely because of the all or nothing rule

A

theory

170
Q

T/F When oxygen supplies run low , muscle cells produce ATP and other waste products during contraction

A

false

171
Q

T/FAll muscles bring about movements by pulling on bones across moveable joints

A

false

172
Q

T/F The point of contat between the nerve ending and the muscle fiber is called the motor neuron

A

false

173
Q

pinocytosis

A

“to drink” active transport system use to transfer fluids into cells

174
Q

which of the following are not a type of passive transport

A

pinocytosis and ion pumps

175
Q

which of the following are not an example of active transport

A

filtration

176
Q

which of the following is not a type of of protein structure found on the plasma membrane

A

flagella

177
Q

what type of cell uses phagocytosis

A

white blood cell

178
Q

which of the following does not belong with DNA

A

uracil

179
Q

Whic of the following does not belong with DNA

A

thymine

180
Q

what phase is not a part of mitosis directly

A

interphase

181
Q

which phase does the DNA replicate itself

A

interphase

182
Q

Which of the following is not a function of the plasma membran

A

protection
gateway for substances
identifies the cell

183
Q

What are the DNA and RNA molecules made up of

A

sugar
base
phosphate group
AS FAR AS I GOT ON CHAPTER TWO

184
Q

algia

A

condition of pain

185
Q

hardening

A

scopy

186
Q

disease condition

A

emia

Anatomy (24 decks)

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