Chapter 10 Blood Flashcards
Plasma is the ______ part of blood
Liquid
What is blood composed of?
Plasma and formed elements
What is the primary component of blood
Water
What are some of the substances that the plasma contains or dissolves ?
Albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen
Where does the waste that plasma dissolves get sent ?
Excretory organs
Plasma is made up of
7% ______
91%______
2%________
Proteins water and other Solutes
What are three things the plasma protein contains ?
Albumins
Globulins
Fibrinogen
What is the function of albumin
Thicken blood
What is the function of globulins ?
Protects from infection.; contains antitoxin
What is the functions of fibrinogen ?
Help with blood clotting
What is blood serum
Plasma minus it’s clotting factors such as fibrinogen
On average what percent of our body weight is blood ?
7 to 9%
What factors influence the amount of blood in our body
Size and f
Gender
What are the three main types of Formed elements found in blood?
Erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets and thrombocytes
What two types of connective tissue make blood cells for the body ?
Myeloid and lymphatic tissue
What is myeloid tissue known as?
Red bone marrow
Red bone marrow forms all types of blood cells except ….?
Lymphocytes and monocytes
What allows transport for two types of substances
Carbon dioxide and oxygen
What is the red blood pigment in blood ?
Hemoglobin
What is oxyhemoglobin and what does it do ?
Makes it possible the efficient transport of large quantities of oxygen to body cells
What is anemia
A number of different diseases conditions caused by an inability of blood to carry sufficient oxygen to body cells
What is pernicious anemia
Lack of vitamin b12
What is polycythemia
Excess of RBC
Iron deficiency anemia causes a shortage of
Iron
What is hematocrit
It tells physicians the volume of RBC in blood sample
What do WBC do in general
Defend the body from microorganisms
What two wbcs are also called phagocytes
Neutrophils and monocytes
What is phagocytosis
Cells ingest microbes take them into their own cell bodies and digest them in the process
How do lymphocytes act differently than phagocytes
They make you immune to infectious diseases
What do b lymphocytes do?
Produce specific antibodies to fight off microbes
What do T lymphocytes do?
Directly attack the microbes
What do eosinophils do?
Protect from parasites and irritants that cause allergies
What do basophils do?
Also protects against allergy irritants
Eosinophils and basophils produce Herapin. What is Herapin
It helps prevent clotting of blood while flowing through the blood vessels
What is low WBC count
Leukopenia
What is high WBC count
Leukopenia
Platelets play an important role in ….
Blood clotting
When an injury happens and blood vessel turns from smooth to …
Rough
Where do injured tissue cells release clotting factors?
the plasma
What does the thrombin react with to form fibrin?
fibrogen
How can gauze help the process of clotting?
the slight roughness causes more platelets to stick togethe
Why do physicians prescribe vitamin K prior to surgery?
make sure the patients blood woll clot fast enough to prevent hemorrhage
What is it called when a clot occurs in an unbroken blood vessel and stays in that location?
thrombus
When a clot occurs in an unbroken blood vessel and circulates the blood stream what is it called ?
an embolus
What is an antigen?
a substance that can activate the immune system to make certain responses including making antibodies
Self antigens-
located in plasma membrane of the blood stream
what are non self antigens
All substances that act as antigens stimulate immune systems
what are formation antibodies?
a substance made by the body in response to stimulation by an antigen
What are function antigens?
a substance that reacts with the antigen that stimulated its formation
what is it called when antibodies clump together
agglutinate
What does the letter of your blood stand for ?
your self antigen
what is another name for a platelet ?
thrombocyte
what is a lack of vitamin b12 called?
pernicious anemia
the laboratory test called hematocrit tells the physician
the volume of red cells in a blood sample
An example of a nongranular leukocyte is a
eosinophil
an abnormally high white blood cell count is known as
leukocytosis
a critical component in hemoglobin is
calcium
Sickle cell anemia is caused by
the production of an abnormal type of hemoglobin
the practice of using blood transfusions increase oxygen delivery to muscles during athletic events is called
blood doping
The term used to describe the condition of a circulating blood clot is
embolism
which one of the following types of cells isnot a granular leukocyte
basophil
if a blood cell has no nucleus and is shaped like a biconcave disc, then the cell most likely is a
red blood cell
red bone marrow forms all kinds of blood cells except
lymphocytes
myeloid tissueis found in all but which one of the following locations
Lymph nodes
thymus
spleen
the hematocrit value for red blood cells is
75%
AN unusually low white blood cell count would be termed
leukpenia
most of the oxygentransported in the blood is carried by
red blood cells
the most numerous of thephagocytes are the
neutrophils
Which one of the following types of cells is not phagocyte
monocytes
wich of the following cell types functions intheimmune process
lymphocytes
which of the foloowing vitamins acts to accelerate blood clotting
K
WHich one of the following substances is not a part of the plasma
Hormones
slats
nutrients
wastes
The normal volume of blood in an adult is aobut
4-6 liters
blood is normally
neutral
