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Anatomy > CHapter 13 test > Flashcards

CHapter 13 test Flashcards

1
Q

Respiration

A

exchange of gasses among lining things and their environment

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2
Q

internal respiration

A

exchange of gasses between blood and body cells

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3
Q

diaphram

A

main muscle involved in breathing

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4
Q

external respiration

A

exchange of gases between air in lungs and blood

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5
Q

expiration

A

to exhale

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6
Q

pulmonary ventilation

A

breathing

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7
Q

inspiration

A

to inhale

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8
Q

The exchange of both 02 & C02 from blood to body tissue occurs by

A

diffussion

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9
Q

spirometer

A

measures the amount of air exchanged in breathing

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10
Q

vital capacity

A

maximum expiration

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11
Q

tidal capacity

A

normal inspiration/expiration

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12
Q

expiratory reserve volum

A

amount of air that can forcibly exhaled after inspiring tidal volume

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13
Q

inspiriatory reserve volume

A

amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled after normal inspiration

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14
Q

What do chemo receptors control?

A

levels of CO2, 02 and acid in the body

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15
Q

what do stretch receptors control?

A

elasticity of the lungs

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16
Q

How do the chemo receptors control it?

A

receptors near the cartaroid artery send signals to the brain when C02 is too high or 02 is too low

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17
Q

How do the stretch receptors control it?

A

when we inspire TV, signals are sent to the inspiratory center to tell our breathing muscles to relax

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18
Q

Respiratory arrest

A

failure to resume breathing after a long period of apnea

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19
Q

Apnea

A

complete stoppage of breathing for a brief period

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20
Q

Hypoventilation

A

labored or difficulty breathing

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21
Q

Hyperventilation

A

rapid & deep respiration

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22
Q

Eupnea

A

normal respiratory rate

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23
Q

Dyspnea

A

slow & shallow respiration

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24
Q

What four things does the respiratory system do to the air we breathe?

A

gas exchange
warms
filters the air
humidifies

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25
Q

What is the respiratory mucosa and what does it do?

A

lines your tubes, produces mucous

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26
Q

What is the difference between the Respiratory Mucosa and Respiratory Membrane?

A

Mucosa onlyu lines your tubes, membrane lines the whole system. And membrane separates capillaries and aveoli

27
Q

How much mucus is produced daily?

A

125mL

28
Q

What are the three major parts of the Upper Respiratory Tract?

A

nose
pharynx
larynx

29
Q

Air enters the respiratory tract through the

A

nostrils

30
Q

what does the nasal septum separate?

A

the two nasal cavities

31
Q

What are the four paranasal sinuses

A

frontal
sphenoidal
maxillary sinus
ethmoid

32
Q

What are these four sinuses line with?

A

mucous

33
Q

What does the lacrimal sac drain into the nasal cavity?

A

tears

34
Q

WHy is breathing through the nose better for humidifying the air than breathing through the mouth?

A

The cilia helps trap the dust and bacteria . Conchae is in the nose and helps humidify the air

35
Q

another name for the pharynx

A

throat

36
Q

In order, superiorly to inferiorly, what are three portions of the pharynx

A

nasal pharynx
oro pharynx
larngo pharynx

37
Q

if both food and air pass through the pharynx where do they separate to go to their destination?
air:
food:

A

larynx/trachea

stomach/ esophagus

38
Q

Another name for larynx

A

voice box

39
Q

Consists of __________ the largest part being called the ______

A

cartilage

adam’s apple

40
Q

Explain how vocal cords can change the pitch of your voice

A

the muscles that attached to your larynx tighten they have a higher pitch

41
Q

What purpose does the epiglottis serve

A

so food doesn’t go down your windpipe

42
Q

What are the three major parts of the lower repiratory tract

A

trachea
all of the bronchial tree
lungs

43
Q

another name for the trachea is

A

windpipe

44
Q

what is trachea made up of?

A

cartilage

45
Q

What does this prevent the trachea from doing?

A

collapsing

46
Q

what is the trachea lined with

A

mucous

47
Q

The Primary Bronchi (right & left bronchus) leads into the

A

right and left lung

48
Q

The Secondary Bronchi are found in the _______ & branch out getting _______

A

lungs

smaller

49
Q

like the trachea & primary bronchi these tubes are lined with

A

mucous

50
Q

Bronchioles are smaller tubes of the bronchi are made up of

A

smooth

51
Q

At the end of the bronchioles we find

A

alveolar duct —–> alveolar sac ——-> alvolar

52
Q

What is the surface of each alveoli lined with?

A

surfactant

53
Q

What purpose does surfactant serve?

A

reduces tension of alveoli

54
Q

How many loves does the right lung have?

A

3

55
Q

How many lobes does the left lung have?

A

2

56
Q

WHat do the Pleura cover?

A

the surface of the lungs

57
Q

what does the pleura they line?

A

inner surface of the rib cage?

58
Q

What is the purpose of the pleura?

A

to keep the membranes from rubbing together

59
Q

Influenza

A

known as the flue

60
Q

pneumonia

A

fluid builds up in your lungs

61
Q

tuberculosis

A

disease affecting the lungs

62
Q

asthma

A

air passages become narrow

63
Q

bronchitis

A

inflammation and swelling of bronchioles

64
Q

emphysema

A

alveoli lose their ability to expand and contract

Anatomy (24 decks)

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