CHapter 13 test

Question 1

Respiration

Answer 1

exchange of gasses among lining things and their environment

Question 2

internal respiration

Answer 2

exchange of gasses between blood and body cells

Question 3

diaphram

Answer 3

main muscle involved in breathing

Question 4

external respiration

Answer 4

exchange of gases between air in lungs and blood

Question 5

expiration

Answer 5

to exhale

Question 6

pulmonary ventilation

Answer 6

breathing

Question 7

inspiration

Answer 7

to inhale

Question 8

The exchange of both 02 & C02 from blood to body tissue occurs by

Answer 8

diffussion

Question 9

spirometer

Answer 9

measures the amount of air exchanged in breathing

Question 10

vital capacity

Answer 10

maximum expiration

Question 11

tidal capacity

Answer 11

normal inspiration/expiration

Question 12

expiratory reserve volum

Answer 12

amount of air that can forcibly exhaled after inspiring tidal volume

Question 13

inspiriatory reserve volume

Answer 13

amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled after normal inspiration

Question 14

What do chemo receptors control?

Answer 14

levels of CO2, 02 and acid in the body

Question 15

what do stretch receptors control?

Answer 15

elasticity of the lungs

Question 16

How do the chemo receptors control it?

Answer 16

receptors near the cartaroid artery send signals to the brain when C02 is too high or 02 is too low

Question 17

How do the stretch receptors control it?

Answer 17

when we inspire TV, signals are sent to the inspiratory center to tell our breathing muscles to relax

Question 18

Respiratory arrest

Answer 18

failure to resume breathing after a long period of apnea

Question 19

Apnea

Answer 19

complete stoppage of breathing for a brief period

Question 20

Hypoventilation

Answer 20

labored or difficulty breathing

Question 21

Hyperventilation

Answer 21

rapid & deep respiration

Question 22

Eupnea

Answer 22

normal respiratory rate

Question 23

Dyspnea

Answer 23

slow & shallow respiration

Question 24

What four things does the respiratory system do to the air we breathe?

Answer 24

gas exchange
warms
filters the air
humidifies

Question 25

What is the respiratory mucosa and what does it do?

Answer 25

lines your tubes, produces mucous

Question 26

What is the difference between the Respiratory Mucosa and Respiratory Membrane?

Answer 26

Mucosa onlyu lines your tubes, membrane lines the whole system. And membrane separates capillaries and aveoli

Question 27

How much mucus is produced daily?

Answer 27

125mL

Question 28

What are the three major parts of the Upper Respiratory Tract?

Answer 28

nose pharynx larynx

Question 29

Air enters the respiratory tract through the

Answer 29

nostrils

Question 30

what does the nasal septum separate?

Answer 30

the two nasal cavities

Question 31

What are the four paranasal sinuses

Answer 31

frontal sphenoidal maxillary sinus ethmoid

Question 32

What are these four sinuses line with?

Answer 32

mucous

Question 33

What does the lacrimal sac drain into the nasal cavity?

Answer 33

tears

Question 34

WHy is breathing through the nose better for humidifying the air than breathing through the mouth?

Answer 34

The cilia helps trap the dust and bacteria . Conchae is in the nose and helps humidify the air

Question 35

another name for the pharynx

Answer 35

throat

Question 36

In order, superiorly to inferiorly, what are three portions of the pharynx

Answer 36

nasal pharynx oro pharynx larngo pharynx

Question 37

if both food and air pass through the pharynx where do they separate to go to their destination? air: food:

Answer 37

larynx/trachea | stomach/ esophagus

Question 38

Another name for larynx

Answer 38

voice box

Question 39

Consists of __________ the largest part being called the ______

Answer 39

cartilage | adam's apple

Question 40

Explain how vocal cords can change the pitch of your voice

Answer 40

the muscles that attached to your larynx tighten they have a higher pitch

Question 41

What purpose does the epiglottis serve

Answer 41

so food doesn't go down your windpipe

Question 42

What are the three major parts of the lower repiratory tract

Answer 42

trachea all of the bronchial tree lungs

Question 43

another name for the trachea is

Answer 43

windpipe

Question 44

what is trachea made up of?

Answer 44

cartilage

Question 45

What does this prevent the trachea from doing?

Answer 45

collapsing

Question 46

what is the trachea lined with

Answer 46

mucous

Question 47

The Primary Bronchi (right & left bronchus) leads into the

Answer 47

right and left lung

Question 48

The Secondary Bronchi are found in the _______ & branch out getting _______

Answer 48

lungs | smaller

Question 49

like the trachea & primary bronchi these tubes are lined with

Answer 49

mucous

Question 50

Bronchioles are smaller tubes of the bronchi are made up of

Answer 50

smooth

Question 51

At the end of the bronchioles we find

Answer 51

alveolar duct -----> alveolar sac -------> alvolar

Question 52

What is the surface of each alveoli lined with?

Answer 52

surfactant

Question 53

What purpose does surfactant serve?

Answer 53

reduces tension of alveoli

Question 54

How many loves does the right lung have?

Answer 54

3

Question 55

How many lobes does the left lung have?

Answer 55

2

Question 56

WHat do the Pleura cover?

Answer 56

the surface of the lungs

Question 57

what does the pleura they line?

Answer 57

inner surface of the rib cage?

Question 58

What is the purpose of the pleura?

Answer 58

to keep the membranes from rubbing together

Question 59

Influenza

Answer 59

known as the flue

Question 60

pneumonia

Answer 60

fluid builds up in your lungs

Question 61

tuberculosis

Answer 61

disease affecting the lungs

Question 62

asthma

Answer 62

air passages become narrow

Question 63

bronchitis

Answer 63

inflammation and swelling of bronchioles

Question 64

emphysema

Answer 64

alveoli lose their ability to expand and contract