FINAL EXAM, glutes, legs, ankle, foot Flashcards by ash box

what tendons are the malleolar groove for

tib post
flexor digitorum longus
flexor hallucis brevis

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TIBIOFEMORAL (knee) joint type

hinge
biaxial

gliding
flexion
extension
hyperextension
lat and med rotation

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extracapsular ligaments

MCL
PCL

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knee extension = bony end feel

knee flexion = tissue approximation

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INTRACAPSULAR ligaments

ACL
PCL
med and lat meniscus

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where does the ACL run from

medial aspect of LATERAL FEMORAL CONDYLE

–> anterior aspect of TIBIAL INTERCONDYLAR EMINENCE

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what does the ACL resist

anterior translation and medial rotation of tibia on femur

taut in HYPEREXTENSION

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where does the PCL run from

posterior aspect of INTERCONDYLAR EMINENCE

–>

lateral aspect of MEDIAL FEMORAL CONDYLE

taut in hyperflexion
prevents posterior translation

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MCL resists what forces

VALGUS

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LCL resists what forces

VARUS

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medial meniscus attaches to what

medial collateral ligament and semimembranosus tendon

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lateral meniscus is attached to what

PCL and popliteus

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what ligament attaches the menisci anteriorly

transverse

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genu valgum

Q angle greater than 22

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open kinetic chain movements in flexion and extension

flexion: tibia rolls and glides posteriorly on femur

extension: tibia rolls and glides anterior on femur

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closed kinetic chain movements

flexion - femur rolls and glides posterior on tibia

extension - femur rolls and glides anterior on tibia

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patellofemoral joint type

plane
triaxial

superior/inferior glide
medial / lateral glide
tilt
rotation

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proximal / superior tibiofibular joint

plane
uniaxial

gliding

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mid tibiofibular joint

fibrous
interosseus
amphiarthrotic
uniaxial

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distal inferior tibiofibular joint type

fibrous
syndesmosis
amphiarthrosis
uniaxial

gliding

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femoral triangle

inguinal ligament
sartorius
adductor longus

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subartorial / adductor/ hunter’s canal

sartorius - anteromedial

vastus medialis - lateral

adductor longus & magnus - posterior

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borders of popliteal fossa

biceps femoris
plantaris
semimembranosus
gastroc heads

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contents of popliteus

popliteal vein, artery
tibial nerve
common fibular nerve

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actions of TFL

FLEX, medially rotates, abducts hip knee extension

actions of sartorius

flex, laterally, abducts rotates hip flex, med rotation of knee

actions of adductor magnus and nerves

ant fibres - adduct, flexion of hip post fibers - extend hip obturator and sciatic

actions of gracilis

adduct hip flexion, med rotation of knee

actions of biceps femoris

flex, laterally rotate knee long head = extends/assist in lat rotation of hip

extensor digitorum longus actions

extends MTP, IP joints of digits 2-5 assist in dorsiflexion eversion

plantarflexion of foot is what class lever

2nd

popliteus - non weight bearing action (fixed origin)

medially rotates tibia on femur and flexes knee

popliteus - weight bearing movement (fixed insertion)

laterally rotates femur on tibia and flexes knee

the cuboid bone has a groove for a tendon, which tendon

fibularis (peroneus) longus

distal tarsal bones

cuneiforms, cuboid

Talocrural (mortise) ankle joint

hinge uniaxial dorsi/plantar flexion

lateral ankle ligaments (3)

1. calcaneofibular 2. anterior talofibular 3. posterior talofibular injured w inversion sprain ATFL most commonly sprained

deltoid medial ligaments (4)

anterior tibiotalar posterior tibiotalar tibionavicular tibiocalcaneal

subtalar / talocalcaneal joint

plane triaxial gliding rotation inversion eversion

talocalcaneonavicular joint

ball and socket plane / gliding TRIAXIAL

supination of ankle is plantar flexion and inversion

pronation is eversion and dorsiflexion

plantar calcaneonavicular lig is also called what

spring ligament

calcaneocuboid joint

saddle uniaxial gliding rotation

cuboidonavicular joint

fibrous uniaxial gliding rotation

distal intertarsal joint

plane uniaxial gliding rotation

tarsometatarsal and intermetatarsal joint

plane uniaxial gliding

what links the forefoot to the rearfoot

tarsometatarsal

metatarsophalangeal joint

condyloid biaxial flexion extension adduction abduction

interphalangeal joints distal, proximal, interphalangeal of hallux only

hinge uniaxial flexion extension

what does plantar fascia connect

calcaneal tuberosity to ligaments around heads of metatarsal bones

name the retinaculum's

superior and inferior extensor superior and inferior fibular flexor

what are the 2 intrinsic foot muscles

extensor digitorum brevis extensor hallucis brevis

extensor hallucis brevis

calcaneus dorsal surface, base of proximal phalanx of big toe extends MTP deep peroneal

muscles in layer 1 of foot

abductor hallucis abductor digiti minimi flexor digitorum brevis

layer 2 of foot muscles

quadratus plantae lumbricals

layer 3 of foot muscles

flexor hallucis brevis flexor digiti minimi adductor hallucis

layer 4 foot msucles

plantar interossei dorsal interossei

abductor hallucis

medial process calcaneal tuberosity, flexor retinaculum medial side, base of proximal phalanx of big toe abducts and flex MTP big toe medial plantar

abductor digiti minimi

calcaneal tuberosity base of proximal phalanx 5th digit abduction of 5th digit lateral plantar

flexor digitorum brevis

calcaneal tuberosity middle phalanx digits 2-5 flex proximal IP joints assist in flexion of MTP joints digits 2-5 medial plantar

quadratus plantae

medial head: medial calcaneus lateral head: lat border of plantar surface of calcaneus lateral margin, surface of tendon of flexor digitorum longus lateral plantar

nerves for lumbricals

1 = medial plantar 2-4 = lateral plantar

insertion and origin tendons for lumbricals

origin = sides of flexor digitorum longus insertion = extensor digitorum longus

flexor hallucis brevis

medial part plantar surface of cuboid bone medial and lateral sides base of proximal phalanx of big toe flex MTP of big toe medial plantar

flexor digiti minimi

base of 5th metatarsal base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit flexion of 5th toe at MTP lateral plantar

adductor hallucis

oblique head - from bases of 2-4 metatarsals transverse - from plantar MTP ligaments of 3-5 digits lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe adducts and assist in flexing the MTP joint of big toe lateral plantar

muscles in anterior crural compartment (4)

tib ant extensor digitorum longus extensor hallucis longus fib tertius

lateral crural group

fib longus and brevis

superficial posterior group

gastroc soleus plantaris

deep posterior group

popliteus tib post flexor digitorum longus flexor hallucis longus

what true regarding C2

has the dens

what actions does fib longus perform

plantar flexion

innervation of adductor hallucis

lateral plantar

pes anserine is located where

proximal and medial tibia

where does gerdys tubercle sit

anterior proximal lateral tibia below knee, adjacent to proximal tibiofibular joint IT band attaches here