ankle and foot muscles Flashcards
what are the 2 intrinsic foot muscles located on the dorsal / superior aspect of the foot
extensor digitorum brevis
extensor hallucis brevis
extensor digitorum brevis O & I
dorsal surface of superior/lateral calcaneus
by tendons of extensor digitorum longus of digits 2-4
extensor digitorum brevis actions and nerve
extend toes 2-4 MTP joints
DEEP PERONEAL
extensor hallucis brevis O & I
distal part of superior and lateral surfaces of calcaneus
dorsal surface of base of proximal phalanx of big toe
extensor hallucis brevis action and nerve
extends MTP joint of big toe
DEEP PERONEAL
what are the 3 muscles in layer 1
- Abductor hallucis
- Abductor digiti minimi
- Flexor digitorum brevis
what are the 2 muscles in layer 2
- Quadratus Plantae
- Lumbricals
what are the 3 muscles of layer 3
- Flexor hallucis brevis
- Flexor digiti minimi
- Adductor hallucis
what are the 2 muscles in LAYER 4
- Plantar interossei
- Dorsal interossei
Abductor Hallucis O & I
medial process of calcaneal tuberosity
medial side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe
Abductor Hallucis actions and nerves
abducts and flexes MTP joints of big toe
MEDIAL PLANTAR
Abductor digiti minimi O & I
calcaneal tuberosity
base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
Abductor Digiti Minimi actions and nerve
abducts 5th digit
LATERAL PLANTAR
Flexor digitorum brevis O & I
calcaneal tuberosity
middle phalanx of digits 2-5
Flexor digitorum brevis actions and nerve
flex proximal IP joints
MEDIAL PLANTAR
Quadratus Plantae O & I
medial head: medial surface of calcaneus
lateral head: lateral border of the plantar surface of calcaneus
lateral margin and dorsal plantar surface of tendon flexor digitorum longus
Quadratus Plantae action and nerve
assist in flexing digits 2-5
LATERAL PLANTAR
what actions do the lumbricals do
flex MTP joints and assist in extending the IP joints of 2-5 digits
what are the 2 nerves of the lumbricals
1= medial plantar
2-4 = lateral plantar
lumbricals Origins
1= medial side of 1st flexor digitorum longus tendon
2= adjacent sides of 1st & 2nd flexor digitorum longus tendon
3= adjacent sides of 2 & 3 flexor digitorum longus tendons
4 = adjacent sides of 3rd & 4th flexor digitorum longus tendons
what is the insertion of the lumbricals
medial side of proximal phalanx & dorsal expansion of extensor digitorum longus tendon of 2-5 digits
Flexor hallucis brevis O & I
medial part of plantar surface of cuboid bone, lateral cuneiform
medial & lateral sides of base of proximal phalanx of big toe
flexor hallucis brevis action and nerve
flex MTP joint of big toe
MEDIAL PLANTAR
Flexor digiti minimi O & I
base of 5th metatarsal
base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
flexor digiti minimi action and nerve
flex MTP of digit 5
LATERAL PLANTAR
Adductor Hallucis O & I
oblique head: bases of metatarsal bones 2-4
transverse head: from plantar MTP ligaments of 3-5 digits
lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe
Adductor hallucis action and nerve
adducts and assist in flexing MTP of big toe
LATERAL PLANTAR
Plantar interossei O & I
bases and medial sides of bodies of 3rd-5th metatarsal bones
medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of same digit
Plantar interossei action and nerve
adducts digits 3,4,5 toward axial line through 2nd digit
assist in flexion of MTP joints
may assist in extension of IP joints 3,4,5
LATERAL PLANTAR
Dorsal Interossei Origin
each by 2 heads from adjacent sides of metatarsal bones
dorsal interossei insertions
side of proximal phalanx
1 = to the medial side of 2nd digit
2-4 = to the lateral sides of digits 2-4
actions of dorsal interossei
abducts digits 2-4 from axial line through 2nd digit
assist in flexion of MTP joints
may assist in extension of IP joints of digits 2-4
dorsal interossei nerve
LATERAL PLANTAR
TOE MOVEMENTS:
1st toe flexion - what 2 muscles
flexor hallucis longus & brevis
TOE MOVEMENTS:
what 3 muscles do toe 2-5 flexion
flexor digitorum longus & brevis
lumbricals
TOE MOVEMENTS:
what 2 muscles do 1st toe extension
extensor hallucis longus & brevis
TOE MOVEMENTS:
what 2 muscles do toe 2-5 extension
extensor digitorum longus & brevis
what muscle does abduction
dorsal interossei
what muscle does adduction
plantar interossei
what muscles are part of the anterior crural mm group (4)
tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallucis longus
fibularis tertius
what muscles are part of the lateral crural mm group (2)
fibularis longus
fibularis brevis
what muscles are part of the superficial posterior compartment (3)
gastrocs
soleus
plantaris
what muscles are in the deep posterior mm group (4)
popliteus
tibialis posterior
flexor digitorum longus
flexor hallucis longus
what muscles are innervated by the LATERAL plantar nerve (7)
abductor digiti minimi
quadratus plantae
lumbricals digits 2-4
flexor digiti minimi
adductor hallucis
plantar interossei
dorsal interossei
what muscles are innervated by the medial plantar nerve (4)
abductor hallucis
flexor digitorum brevis
lumbricals digit 1
flexor hallucis brevis
what muscles of foot are innervated by the deep peroneal nerve
extensor digitorum brevis
extensor hallucis brevis