Final Exam Flashcards
Mia wants to take a trip, but she is worried about jet lag. What advice would you give her?
Traveling to the west is easier
Professor Rhine tells her class that the pineal gland releases melatonin. True or False
True
Young children are more likely to be “morning people” than older adults. True or False
True
Professor Steinberg tells her class that during normal sleep cycle, a person will progress from ____
stage 1 to 4 at the beginning of the night. Later on, the cycle is stage 1 and 2 and then REM
based on research it has been determined that the human circadian rhythm appears to be
Just over 24 hours
Sometimes people find themselves unable to move their postural muscles immediately after awakening. Why?
part of the brain is still asleep
An EEG displays
a net average of all the neurons potentials
A recent hypothesis proposed that the role of REM is
to shake the eyeballs back and forth in order to get sufficient oxygen to the corneas of the eyes
It appears from research with cats that one function of the messages from the pons to the spinal cord is to prevent us from
acting out our dreams
Suppose you fell into a cave and lost your watch. Without any time cues, your circadian rhythm would
remain relatively stable
Les will be taking a trip, and he is worried about how to handle his jet lag. What advice would you give him?
He needs to sleep in a dark room
During ____, cells in the pons send messages that inhibit the motor neurons that control the body’s large muscles
REM sleep
Gala is studying for a quiz on circadian rhythms. She writes in her notes that the two proteins that influence circadian rhythms by building up during the day and declining during sleep are
PER and TIM
Mose has been told that he sleep walks. When is he more likely to do this?
During SWS
Temporary sleep deprivation causes the body to respond in a similar manner as it does to being ill. True or False
True
During REM sleep, the EEG shows
Irregular, low-voltage fast waves
What is the best way to determine if an individual who claims to never dream does, in fact, have dreams
wake them up during REM sleep and ask them if they have been dreaming
A “Zeitgeber” is an
environmental cue that resets a biological clock
Researchers have demonstrated that the expression of the SCN genes can be changed through
exposure of the eyes to light
Orexin, produced by neurons in the hypothalamus, appears to be necessary for
Staying awake
The tendency of water to flow across a semipermeable membrane from the area of low solute concentration to the area of high concentration is termed
osmotic pressure
Output from the paraventricular nuclear acts on the
Lateral hypothalamus
The brain gets part of its information regarding low osmotic pressure from
receptors round the third ventricle
Obese people tend to produce more insulin than people or normal weight. True or False
True
An increase in the size of meals is most likely to occur following damage to which area of the hypothalamus
Paraventricular
On average, people will bulimia show a variety of biochemical abnormalities, including increased production of
gherlin
Alysia is lactose intolerant. She has a hard time with ___ although she can have small amounts of ____ because it is easier to digest
milk, cheese
Sodium-specific hunger is closely associated with
hypovolemic thirst
most young mammals stop nursing, at least partly, due to the loss of what ability
metabolizing the sugar in milk
in sham-feeding, animals are
allowed to chew and swallow, but the food never enters the stomach
Small birds generally eat
only what they need at the moment
After damage to the ventromedial hypothalamus, an animal will most likely
overeat when presented with a sweetened diet
Ivette has been diagnoses with anorexia. her doctors have decided to try a new treatment to address her weight loss itself. they start out by having Ivette
wearing warm clothing or staying in a warm room
What effect does the hormone angiotensin II have
constriction of blood vessels
What is one reason why animals with a lesion in the lateral hypothalamus eat so little
they experience decreased cortical response to the smell and sight of food
Graig is experiencing hypovolemic thirst. His type of thirst
can be satisfied better by slightly salty water than by pure water
A new set of experiments have shown that people who are overweight have different ____ than people who are not
levels of glucagon
Like vasopressin, ____ constricts the blood vessels, compensating for the drop in blood pressure
Angiontensin II
The POA/AH monitors body temperature partly by monitoring
its own temperature
What evidence exists that the preoptic area controls body temperature
heating or cooling the preoptic area leads to sweating and shivering
which circumstances will be most likely to cause a genetic male to develop a mostly feminine anatomy
a condition that prevents androgens from exerting their effects
One objection to the use of the one-mate strategy in women is that
in some cases, having multiple sex partners can result in more offspring
What causes the primitive gonads to develop into masculine structures
the sex region Y (SRY) gene
Hormones are capable of inducing long-lasting changes throughout the body. True or False
True
Testosterone levels continue to increase throughout a human male’s lifetime. True or False
False
During orgasm, dopamine has stimulated
D2 Receptors
Refugio’s wife just had a baby. Very likely, his level of testosterone has decreased and prolactin has increased. True or False
True
What happens to a female human fetus exposed to excess testosterone during the sensitive period for genital development.
She will often develop with genitals that have an intermediate appearance.
If you inject a male rat with estrogen shortly after birth, it will
still develop into a male
A true hermaphrodite is someone who
has both testicular or ovarian tissue
In humans, testosterone produces its organizing effects on the hypothalamus by itself. True or false
True
Which of the following is not true of hormones and the hypothalamus
in the arcuate nucleus, estradiol increases GABA which is important for female sexual behavior
A woman hypothalamus and pituitary interact with the ____ to produce the menstrual cycle
ovaries
a more recent study on differences in the INAH3 suggests that compared to heterosexual men, homosexual men have
smaller INAH3 neurons, but a comparable number
Natures default setting is to make every mammals external anatomy
female
in general, men are more jealous of sexual infidelity than women. True or false
True
There are obvious differences in external anatomy of homosexual humans compared to heterosexual humans
False
Katina has just given birth. In addition to hormone changes, she has also had changes in the receptors for estradiol in the
posterior pituitary
Neta is taking antidepressants and has noticed that she has experienced decreased sexual activity. This is because her antidepressants are increasing ____ which blocks ____
serotonin, dopamine
According to rodent studies, testosterone exerts a major part of its effects on
the hypothalamus
The flow of ____ ions across the membrane is controlled by the GABAA complex
chloride
Which of the following is characterized by extreme physiological arousal
panic attack
Dr. Penland works with violent criminals. He has found that those individuals that ___ are more likely to be repeat offenders.
had lower than normal serotonin levels
The classical illness behaviors such as fever, sleepiness, and lack of appetite are caused by
the immune systems production of cytokines
Some cats “play” with a mouse before killing it. How can this kind of behavior best be explained?
A conflict between attach and escape behaviors
The amygdala is part of the the
limbic system
What common measure of fear or anxiety is popular because it can be used with non-humans as well as humans?
the startle response
Recognition of an angry expression is faster when the face is directed ____, and a fearful expression is faster if it is directed ____
toward you, to the side
Not all children who are abused become violently aggressive in adolescence or adulthood. Of the following, which has been demonstrated to influence violence by these people
Genes regulating monoamine oxidase
Dr. Olney works with mice in her lab. She has seen that the ____ mice are more aggressive likely because their ____ activity levels are lower.
Juvenile, serotonin
Activation of the HPA axis occurs during prolonged stress. True or False
True
Output from the amygdala to the ___ modifies approach and avoidance responses.
Prefrontal cortex
The field of study concerned with how the nervous system interacts with the immune system is known as
psychoneuroimmunology
The amygdala sends axons to the ____, which in turn sends axons to the pons to control the startle reflex
midbrain
The limbic system consists of structures that are believed to be important for which kind of responses?
Emotional
Which of the following has been associated with an increased probability of suicide attempts?
Low serotonin turnover
Hans Selye’s defined stress in terms of
the nonspecific response of the body to any demand
The group of forebrain structures that appear to be critical for emotion comprise the
limbic system
Professor Demko is lecturing about the James-Lange theory. She tells her class that humans experience ____ first and then we experience ____
autonomic arousal, emotions
Professor Engebretson is working with rats bred to have low serotonin turnover. These rats are expected to have lower levels of aggression than normal rats. True or false
False
Professor Kunze tells his class that an ____ is the physical representation of what has been learned
amyloid beta plaque
Humans differ from chimpanzees in two genes responsible for ____ transport.
Glucose
Bert would use his striatum when learning information that ____
needs to be integrated over many trials
In instrumental conditioning, an individuals response leads to a reinforcer or punishment. True or False
True
Producing long-term potentiation of cells in the mammalian nervous system requires ____
a burst of many stimuli within a few seconds.
Habituation and sensitization differ depending upon whether
the response grows weaker or stronger
Hebb believed that short-term memory
was a temporary holding station on the way to long-term memory
Nearly simultaneous stimulation by two or more axons produces LTP, whereas stimulation by just one produces it weakly, if at all. This is known as the property of ____
cooperativity
Professor tells his class that with regard to intelligence, ____
there are many contributing factors
A rat must swim through murky water to find a rest platform that is just under the surface in the _____
Morris water maze
In instrumental conditioning, punishment is an
event that decreases the future probability of a response
Professor tells her class that a Hebbian synapse is one that can
decrease its effectiveness as a result of simultaneous activity in the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons
After a series of electrical shocks, Cira became over responsive to lights and noises. This exemplifies
sensitization
After his surgery, H.M. had the most difficulty with
being able to define new English words
It is believed that Hebbian synapses may be critical for
associative learning
A distinctive symptom of Korsakoff’s syndrome is confabulation, in which patients guess to fill in memory gaps. True or false.
True
Amyloid is to ____ as tau is to ____
plaques, tangles
Pavlov presented a sound followed by meat in his experiments. Gradually, the sound came to elicit salivation. The sound in this experiment would be considered the
conditioned stimulus
Crysta is a chronic alcoholic who has developed Korsakoff’s syndrome. She has damaged her neurons in the ____ which sends information to her ____ cortex.
Lateral hypothalamus, prefrontal
A study with London taxi drivers found that answering ____ activated their hippocampus more than answering ____
spatial questions, nonspatial questions
Studies of nonhuman language abilities call attention to the ____
difficulty of defining language
Studies of nonhuman language abilities seem to indicate that human language may have evolved from a precursor that was probably
present in the ancient ancestor from which humans and bonobos evolved
The view that mental processes and certain kinds of brain processes are the same thing, described in different terms is known as
the identity position
which of the following is more likely to be present in people with dyslexia
parts of the right temporal cortex larger than the left
People with right hemisphere damage have particular trouble with tasks that require
spatial processing
the planum temporal is located in the
temporal lobe
Olin is participating in a research study that uses the Stroop effect. the researchers are likely testing him for spatial neglect. true or false
false
Noam Chomsky and Steven Pinker proposed that humans have a
language acquisition device
Noam Chomsky and other advocates of the language acquisition device argue that humans
are born with an ability to acquire language
Mariano has severe epilepsy. what would his doctor try first to stop the seizure activity
give him medication
The brain has _____ control of the facial muscles
bilateral
a single visual pattern is presented under two conditions. under one condition, the viewer is conscious of it, and under the other, the viewer is not. how does the activity differ in the brain, if at all
activity is more intense and spreads more widely during conscious perception
The Bode’s son has Williams syndrome. He would most likely be able to do which of the following
singing wheels on the bus
a specific impairment of reading in a person with adequate vision and adequate skills in other academic areas is referred to as
dyslexia
Dr. Beeler is testing what happens when she presents her monkey with two similar choices that the monkey likes. She has found that the monkey will have increased activity in the
orbitofrontal cortex
Normally, a split-brain patient should be able to name an object flashed to the left visual field. True or false
False
The strongest evidence for a critical period for human language development is the
difficulty deaf children have learning sign language if they start late
A loss of language ability, in general, is referred to as
aphasia
A paradoxical characteristic of children with Williams syndrome is that they
have very large vocabularies, but cannot learn simple skills
Odessa has frontotemporal damage. As a result, she is easily embarrassed around others. True or false
False
Attempts to identify individual genes associated with addiction have found
many genes, each with a small effect
Which category of antidepressant drugs operates by blocking the transporter proteins that reabsorb serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine into the presynaptic neuron after their release
Tricyclics
In certain cases, it is possible to relieve depression by changing a persons
sleeping habits
Before diagnosing her patient with schizophrenia, Dr. will rule out all of the following except ____ since they also resemble schizophrenia
SAD
The problems that schizophrenics have with memory and attention are most likely related to an increased tendency oh having brain damage in the
prefrontal cortex
Most depress3d people have decreased activity in the left and increased activity in the right prefrontal cortex. True or false
True
Less than 5 percent of mothers who have children with autism have antibodies that attack certain brain proteins. True or false
False
Professor tells his class that it is hypothesized that people use addictive substances for all of the following reasons except
to feel a rush from the serotonin boost
____ was originally called dementia praecox
Schizophrenia
Bill is an alcoholic. to help him stop drinking his doctor prescribed ____ which would make him sick to his stomach if he consumed alcohol
Antabuse
A schizophrenic patient whose main symptoms are lack of emotional expression, lack of social interaction, and lack of speech is suffering from
negative symptoms
the first successful treatment for bipolar disorder, and still the most common one, is lithium salts. True or false
True
ECT was first introduced as a treatment for ____ although it didn’t help. However, it did produce some relief for patients with ____
schizophrenia, depression
Worldwide, the medium incidence estimate for autism spectrum disorders is about one in
160
It is possible for Mayola to experience a release of dopamine into her nucleus accumbens just by thinking about things that make her really happy. True or false
true
Alysa is showing symptoms of schizophrenia but doesn’t actually have schizophrenia. What could be going on
Alysa has taken cocaine or meth
Medications like Antabuse combat alcohol abuse by blocking opiate receptor and thereby decrease the pleasure from alcohol. True or false
False
Many fad treatments for autism spectrum disorders make the parents feel good that they are trying something, but otherwise, they are a waste of time and money. True or false
true
Which category of antidepressant drugs operates by blocking the enzyme that metabolizes catecholamines and serotonin into inactive forms
MAOIs
William has schizophrenia. His doctors determined that he also has a mutation in the ____ gene that ____
DISC 1, controls differentiation and migration of neurons in brain development.
Which claim is most consistent with the evolutionary perspective of sleep
the function of sleep is similar to that of hibernation
The mean preferred time of going to sleep gets later and later until about age 20 and then starts a gradual reversal. True of false
True
For a normal person, about how long goes an average sleep cycle last
90 minutes
Carlee’s EEG recording shows a predominant amount of alpha waves. What is going on?
She is very relaxed but still awake
If suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons are disconnected from the rest of the brain, they
continue to produce activity that follows a circadian rhythm
Jaleesa has been diagnosed with insomnia because she has sleep attacks while she is awake. True or false
False
What are the dreamlike experiences at the onset of sleep that are difficult to distinguish from reality
Hypnagogic hallucinations
Mose has been told that he sleepwalks. When is he more likely to do this
During SWS
What is a typical characteristic of insomnia
consistently feeling sleepy during the day
The sequence of the busts of neural activity during REM sleep is
pons, lateral geniculate nucleus, and occipital cortex
Larissa has REM behavior disorder. What happens to her during REM sleep
She moves around as if she is acting out her dream
What do the EEG waves loo like when brain activity is desynchronized
Irregular waves with low amplitude
According to the activation-synthesis hypothesis, it should be possible to predict the content of a persons dreams if we k now what information about the person.
stimuli currently acting on the body and areas of spontaneous brain activity
Professor tells his class that the SCN produces circadian rhythms in a persons body by changing that persons
production of proteins
Biological clocks are very resistant to environmental influences. True and False
True
Stimulation of the pontomesencephalon
Awakens a sleeping individual
After damage to the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the body
still has rhythms, but they are less consistent
Research on circadian rhythms has shown that one of the best ways to increase the alertness and efficiency of workers on night shifts is to
expose them to bright lights while they work
REM sleep is characterized by which of the following
a high level of brain activity
Researchers have demonstrated that the expression of the SCN genes can be changed through
exposure of the eyes to light
Page wants to lose weight. The most effective long-term plan is for her to limit her intake of sweet foods. True or false
False
Hal is experiencing osmotic thirst. He should drink pure water. True or false.
True
Luigi got a deep cut on his foot and started losing a lot of blood. To compensate, his body released _____ to _____ his blood pressure while he was waiting for help to arrive.
vasopressin, increase
A drug that stimulates melanocortin receptors would most likely
decrease meal size
Dinahs body has produced aldosterone so that she
is able to conserve sodium
Paz just ate some salty popcorn. Now she is experiencing an increase in the concentration of sodium in her
extracellular fluid
Professor is lecturing about myths and truths regarding food consumption. She tells her class that
a diet high in seafood might be beneficial for the brain
Tammy has a pet lizard. How does her lizard maintain a proper body temperature
by choosing an appropriate area of the cage
An advantage of maintaining a constant body temperature is that is
enables an animal to stay equally active at all environmental temperatures
A set point refers to
a very narrow range that the body works to maintain at a stable level
Output from the paraventricular nucleus acts on the
lateral hypothalamus
What kind of thirst is produced by an increased concentration of solutes in the blood
osmotic
After eating, Jills small intestine absorbs excess water and minerals. True of false
False
Which hormone, released by the posterior pituitary, both raises blood pressure and enables the kidneys to reabsorb water
Vasopressin
An increase in the size of meals is most likely to occur following damage to which area of the hypothalamus
paraventricular
which group would most likely benefit from taking leptin
obese people who fail to produce leptin
Homeostasis is to ____ as allostasis is to ____
constant, variable
what is the main site for absorption of digested food into the bloodstream
small intestine
IF a female rat is injected with testosterone during the last few days before being born or the first few days afterward, at maturity her ____
she will become partially masculinized
Hormones are capable of inducing long-lasting changes throughout the body. True or false
true
Genetic males with testicular feminization develop looking and acting female. this condition develops because of a genetic mutation that has which effect
it prevents testosterone from having its usual effects
which of the following is true of androgens and estrogens
both sexes have both types of hormones
If haley had high levels of phthalates while pregnant, it would be expected that her son would
be more likely to play with girl toys than boy toys
what causes the primitive gonads to develop into masculine structures
the sex region Y (SRY) gene
Wonda, a female, produces estrogens, while Dalton, a male, does not. True or false
false
which of the following is not true of hormones and the hypothalamus
in the lateral preoptic area, testosterone reduces GABA, which is important for parenting behavior
According to some research, who is most likely to be homosexual
Shad who has 3 older brothers
Data gathered by studies such as the LeVay Study suggest that
on average, differences in the hypothalamus can be found between individuals of different sexual orientation
Professor is lecturing about early development in the womb. He tells the class that ____ have Wolffian ducts.
Both male and female fetuses until the SRY gene is activated
Tammy is pregnant and experiencing nausea. This is because of increased activity of the
serotonin receptors
The hypothalamus of a female who is exposed to testosterone early in life will
develop more like a typical male hypothalamus
The anterior commissure on the average is
larger in heterosexual women than heterosexual men
The estradiol normally found in the bloodstream of a female rat fetus neither masculinizes nor feminizes its development because it
is prevented from ent4ring the developing cells
In castrated male rats, the medial preoptic area
has as much dopamine as normal rats, but the presence of a receptive female does not evoke much release of it
Larry is male. When he experiences sexual behavior, it is likely the result of an increase in ____ in the ____ of the hypothalamus
dopamine, MPOA
By blocking dopamine release, some antidepressant drugs that increase serotonin levels also
decrease sexual activity
During the menstrual cycle, estradiol and progesterone levels increase and decrease under the influence of hormones released by which gland
pituitary
Adell is more likely to experience the startle reface when she is
watching horror movies
many cells in the amygdala get input from sensory modalities, especially the ____ nuclei
basolateral and central
which type of leukocytes attaches to an intruder and produces a specific antibody to attack the intruders antigen
B cell
according to the ____ theory, we experience emotion after we experience autonomic arousal
James-Lange
Professor is working with rats bred to have low serotonin turnover. These rats are expected to have lowers levels of aggression than normal rats. True or false
false
Amygdala damage will result in the complete loss of the startle response. true or false
false
Approach and avoidance responses are modified by output from the amygdala to the
prefrontal cortex
which evidence is most detrimental to the James-Lange theory
Patients with pure autonomic failure experience emotions
What area of the brain seems to be a key area for learned fears
amygdala
After damage to the amygdala what happens to a rat startled effect
The rat startle reflex does not vary from one situation to another
Meg is able to recognize emotionally charged facial expressions from individuals in her own culture better than other cultures true or false
True
To measure fear or anxiety in both humans and nonhumans researchers measure variations in individuals
Startle reflex
Doctor works with violent criminals he has found that those individuals and that _____ are more likely to be repeat offenders
Had lower than normal serotonin turnover
Findings from people with pure autonomic failure suggests that
Autonomic output is important for experiencing emotion
The concentration of 5-HIAA in the blood cerebrospinal fluid or urine provides an estimate of
Serotonin turnover
Peggy has suffered prefrontal cortex damage now she
Often makes bad decisions
What did researchers find an Antarctic research scientist who spent a nine month period of social isolation in the cold and dark
T cell functioning decreased by about half
In studies that paired a tone within air path to the cornea of rabbits Learning was found to depend on one nucleus of the
Cerebellum
Alzheimer’s patients have impairments in _____ memory, but are relatively unimpaired in ______ memory
Declarative procedural
Producing long-term potentiation of cells in the mammalian nervous system requires
A burst of many stimuli with in a few seconds
Habituation and sensitization differ depending upon whether
The response grows weaker or stronger
Humans differ from chimpanzees into genes responsible for _____ transport
Glucose
A study with London taxi drivers found that answering_____ activated their hippocampus more than answering
Spatial questions non-Spatial questions
Professor tells his class that with regard to intelligence
There are many contributing genes
Hey burst of intense stimulation to the dendrite by one or more axons connected to it in A rapid series can be described as the
A Long-term potentiation of the cells response to stimuli
Habituation is a decrease in response to a stimulus that is presented repeatedly and accompanied by no change in other stimuli True or false
True
Structures formed from the generating axons and dendrites are referred to as
Plaques
In instrumental conditioning reinforcement is
Any event that increases the future probability of a response
Why is the Aplysia such a popular animal for single cell studies of learning
Aplysia have neurons that are virtually identical from one individual to another
Damage to the ______ produces symptoms similar to Korsakoff syndrome
Prefrontal cortex
H.M. was able to learn and remember
Skills like mazes and puzzles
Pavlov presented a sound followed by meat in his experiments gradually the sound came to illicit salivation the salivation to the meet in this experiment was the
Unconditioned response
A rat is placed in a radio maze in which it has already been trained for many trials. As compared to rats without damage to their hippocampus, rats with damage are more likely to
Enter one of the correct alleys repeatedly
Nancy was adopted. When she was young, her IQ score was more similar to her ______ parents. As she grew older, her IQ became more similar to her ____ parents
Adoptive, biological
Wernecke’s aphasia is also known as
Fluent aphasia
Professor tells his class that evolution enabled humans to develop language because
We evolved it as a specialization
because they experience
Decreased connectivity between the cerebral cortex and sub cortical areas such as the thalamus hypothalamus and basal ganglia
Oscar is participating in a research study where he reports the color of the ink instead of reading the word written, he is performing the ______ task and finds that he must not let his mind wander at all to get it right
Stroop effect
Damage to the human left optic nerve before it crosses the optic chasm would result in the loss of vision in the
Left eye
People with Williams syndrome tend to do as well as normal people on task that involve
Verbal descriptions
After an injury, amy seems to have stopped caring about others and recognizing others emotional reactions. She will likely be diagnosed with ____ because of damage to her _____
frontotemporal dementia; ventromedial prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortex
Sally has frontotemporal dementia and shows little interest in how others perceive her. she would most likely
live in isolation
Damage to the corpus callous prevents
the exchange of information between pre- and postsynaptic membranes
the brain has ____ control of the facial muscles
bilateral
Spatial neglect occurs after damage in the
right hemisphere
Several months after split brain surgery, the number of incidents of conflicts between the two hemispheres diminishes because
The hemispheres learn ways of cooperating with each other
Dyslexia is more common among languages that
Has many odd spellings
The ______ has made the most spectacular progress toward learning to communicate via an approximation of human language
Bonobo
The nonhuman species that has made the most spectacular progress toward learning to communicate by an approximation of human language is the
Bonobo chimpanzee
A stroke patient speaks in short, inarticulate but meaningful phrases such as weather hot and dogbite man. This person is probably suffering from
Brocas aphasia
Most of the information passing from one hemisphere to the other does so by passing through which structure
Corpus callosum
The point of origin of an epileptic seizure is called the
Focus
Researchers have found that the planum temporale is _____ in he ____ for 65% of people
Larger, left hemisphere
Lateralization refers to the
Functional asymmetries of the brain
William has schizophrenia. His doctors determined that he also has a mutation in the ____ gene that _____
DISC 1, controlled differentiation and migration of neurons in brain development
One important factor to consider when making judgments about the relative influence of genetics on schizophrenia is the
Prenatal environment
What happens when schizophrenics stop taking neuroleptic drugs
Tardive dyskinesia may continue
Trey is finding it hard to function in everyday life as a result of hearing voices and displaying disorganized behaviors. Given that isn’t it any other explanation, his doctors will likely diagnose him with
Schizophrenia
Most antipsychotic drugs work by
Blocking dopamine receptors
Atypical antipsychotics are effective in treating only the positive symptoms of schizophreni True or false
False
Bipolar one disorder and bipolar to disorder differ with regard to
Whether they include full-blown manic phases
Barrett has schizophrenia. What cognitive symptoms might he experience
Trouble maintaining and focusing attention
What is the difference between positive and negative schizophrenic symptoms
Behaviors that are present versus behaviors that are absent
Which behavior is most suggestive of schizophrenia
Deterioration of daily functioning with an disorganized speech and behavior
The amino acid, glycine, provides a possible co-treatment for schizophrenia because it
Increases the effectiveness of glutamate
Studies at the genetics of autism spectrum disorders indicate that
Many cases result from new mutations or micro deletions in any of a number of genes
Medications like Antabuse combat alcohol abuse by blocking opiate receptors and thereby decrease the pleasure from alcohol true or false
False
The most common side effect of electroconvulsive shock therapy is
Memory loss
