final: endocrin Flashcards
Oxytocin (pitocin) action
mimics oxytocin that naturally occurs in the body
Oxytocin (pitocin) use
- induces or augments labor by increasing strength, frequency and length of uterine contractions
- control of postpartum bleeding
Oxytocin (pitocin) SE
- hyperstimulation (bad for baby)
- uterine rupture
- post delivery atony when used intrapartum (risk for bleeding)
caution for Oxytocin (pitocin)
potentiates hypersensitive effects of other drugs
dinoprostone (cervidil) class
synthetic prostaglandin
dinoprostone (cervidil) admin
inserted into vagina and placed near the cervix
dinoprostone (cervidil) use
- ripens (softens) cervix
- induces contractions
dinoprostone (cervidil) SE
- N/V
- fever
- uterine rupture
- hyperstimulation
dinoprostone (cervidil) contraindications
previous c-section
Magnesium sulfate decreases…
- uterine contraction
- neuromuscular conduction
- acetylcholine release
Magnesium sulfate causes
vasodialation
Magnesium sulfate use
- premature onset of labor
- pre-eclampsia and eclampsia
Magnesium sulfate SE
- CNS depression, heart and reflex depression
- flushing, sweating, hypotension
- flaccid paralysis
Magnesium sulfate contraindications:
additive effect with CNS depressants
Conjugated Estrogen (premarin) class
mimics hormone estrogen
Conjugated Estrogen (premarin) use
relieve vasomotor symptoms of menopause
warning with Conjugated Estrogen (premarin)
- use shortest time possible
- if you have a uterus you must take progestin to prevent endometrial buildup that leads to endometrial cancer
Conjugated Estrogen (premarin) SE
- GI
- fluid retention
- wt gain
- depression
BBW with Conjugated Estrogen (premarin)
increased risks of thromboembolic events, stroke
causes dementia in postmenopausal women
Conjugated Estrogen (premarin)
Conjugated Estrogen (premarin) contraindications
- liver disease
- those at risk for above disorders
- Hx of repro cancer
- smoking
- fibroids
- undiagnosed vaginal bleeding
Conjugated Estrogen (premarin) interacts with
- anticonvulsants
- barbiturates
- rifampin
Medroxyprogesterone acetate (provera, Depo-Provera) class
synthetic progestin that mimics naturally occurring hormone progesterone
Medroxyprogesterone acetate (provera, Depo-Provera) use
○ Decrease hyperplasia of uterine lining
○ Changes proliferative endometrium into secretory
○ Suppress pituitary hormones to inhibit ovulation (Depo Provera)
Medroxyprogesterone acetate (provera, Depo-Provera) SE
○ Headache/ Migraines/ Depression/Vision changes/loss/Weight gain
○ Irregular vaginal bleeding
○ GI Upset with nausea and vomiting
Medroxyprogesterone acetate (provera, Depo-Provera) BBW
- increased risk of cardiac complications, thromboembolic events
- bone loss with depo provera
Medroxyprogesterone acetate (provera, Depo-Provera CI
○ CV disease
○ Hx of thromboembolic event or cerebral hemorrhage
○ renal disease (progestin metabolites excreted in urine)
○ hepatic disease (metabolism of progestin occurs in liver)
conjugated estrogen-medroxyprogesterone (prempro) is a combo of what two drugs
- conjugated estrogen (premarin)
- medroxyprogesterone acetate (provera)
conjugated estrogen-medroxyprogesterone (prempro) was created for which women
those with intact uterus who need to take progestin with estrogen HRT to reduce endometrial hyperplasia and subsequent risks
conjugated estrogen-medroxyprogesterone (prempro) risks
same risks as each med individually
estradiol and norethrindrone (ortho-novum) is also called
“the pill”
estradiol and norethrindrone (ortho-novum) class
synthetic estrogen and progestin used to suppress menstrual cycle
estradiol and norethrindrone (ortho-novum) use
- contraception
- achne
- PMDD
- menstrual disorders
estradiol and norethrindrone (ortho-novum) SE
- N/V
- thromboembolism/mi/stroke/cardiovascular
- gallbladder disease
- edema/wt gain/headache
estradiol and norethrindrone (ortho-novum) CI
- 35+ smoking
- liver issues
- reproductive cancers in family (breast)
- clot Hx
- migraine with aura
estradiol and norethrindrone (ortho-novum) interactions
- antibiotics
- anticonvulsants
- barbiturates
- griseofulvin
these increase chance of pregnancy
Alendronate (Fosamax) class
bisphosphonate
Alendronate (Fosamax) use
osteoprosis
Alendronate (Fosamax) MOA
suppresses osteoclasts:
-osteoclast are bone cells that absorb bone in the process of bone turnover
Alendronate (Fosamax) SE
-esophagitis, dysphagia, esophageal ulcers
-headache
-muscle pain
-decreased serum calcium
-atypical femur fracture
osteonecrosis of the jaw
Alendronate (Fosamax) admin
with FULL glass of WATER (not juice)
- 30 min before breakfast or other drugs
- stay upright 30 mins after to promote absorption and decrease gastric irritation
Alendronate (Fosamax) contraindications
must be able to sit for 30 mins
-no renal impairment
Alendronate (Fosamax) interactions
-no ASA, NSAIDS, Antacids and Ca+2 hours apart
testosterone class
man made version of naturally occurring testosterone in the body
testosterone use
-androgen deficiency
testosterone SE
MASCULINE CHARACTERISTICS
- acne
- hairloss
- headache
- hypercalcemia
- bitter taste, mouth irritation, gum tenderness
- jaundice
- edema
testosterone contraindications
- liver disease
- prostate issues
Sildenafil (viagra) class
PDE 5 inhibitor
Sildenafil (viagra) uses
enhances erection by increasing bf to penis
Sildenafil (viagra) onset
20-60 minutes and lasts up to 4 hours
Sildenafil (viagra) taken
once in a 24 hr period
Sildenafil (viagra) SE
○ Increased risk of hypotension ○ Headache ○ Facial flushing ○ Dyspepsia ○ nasal congestion ○ Dizziness ○ Permanent loss of vision (rare), loss of hearing (rare) ○ Priapism (Persistent and painful erection)
Sildenafil (viagra) interactions
- nitrated
- alpha blockers
- antifungals
- erythromycin
- antiviral
Sildenafil (viagra) absorption is decreased by
fatty foods and booze
Finasteride (Proscar) class
5 alpha reductase inhibitor
-anti-testosterone drug
Finasteride (Proscar) use
-benign prostatic hyperplasia
shrinks prostate so urine can pass
Finasteride (Proscar) SE
- sexual dysfunction
- feminine characteristics enhanced in men
Finasteride (Proscar) cautions
- preggo women shouldn’t touch this med
- children shouldn’t take
- can not give blood while taking
Finasteride (Proscar) interactions
- testosterone
- anticholinergics
- saw palmetto (herbal)
