Final: antiseizure meds Flashcards

1
Q

seizures equils

A

neurological electrical storms

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2
Q

what do antiepileptic meds do what with seizures

A

calm the storm (depress CNS)

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3
Q

why cant you stop anti seizure meds abruptly

A

risk of seizure or status epilepticus

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4
Q

avoid what with all antiseizure meds

A

alcohol (a CNS depressant)

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5
Q

antiseizure meds do what with BC

A

makes oral pills less effective

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6
Q

preg category for anti seizures

A

D or X

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7
Q

Phenytoin (Dilantin) MOA

A

selective inhibition of sodium channels

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8
Q

Phenytoin (Dilantin) SE

A
  • vision issues
  • gingival hyperplasia (swollen gums)
  • drowsiness and CNS depression
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9
Q

those who take Phenytoin (Dilantin) need to have

A

good oral hygiene

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10
Q

drug interactions with Phenytoin (Dilantin)

A

-oral contraceptives
-warfarin (coumadin)
-glucocorticoids
(also dont take with other CNS depressants)

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11
Q

Carbamazepine (Tegretol) MOA

A

inhibit the influx of sodium through sodium channels

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12
Q

Carbamazepine (Tegretol) use

A

anti seizure

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13
Q

Phenytonin (dilantin) use

A

antiseizure

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14
Q

Carbamazepine (Tegretol) SE

A
  • visual disturbances
  • decreased excretion of water (fluid retention)
  • skin rash
  • bbone marrow suppression
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15
Q

S/S of bone marrow suppression

A

fatigue, bleeding, fever, chills

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16
Q

skin rashs seen in Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

A
  • epidermal necrolysis

- stevens-johnson syndrome

17
Q

cautions with Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

A

drinking grapefruit juice can increase plasma levels

18
Q

Carbamazepine (Tegretol) drug interactions

A
  • phenytoin
  • phenobarbital
  • OC
  • warfarin
19
Q

Valproic Acid (Depakote) MOA

A

suppress neuronal Na and Ca channels, increases GABA effects

20
Q

Valproic Acid (Depakote) uses

A
  • seizure

- bipolar disorder

21
Q

Valproic Acid (Depakote) SE

A
  • life threatening: hepatic failure and pancreatitis

- gi disturbances

22
Q

Valproic Acid (Depakote) class

A

antiseizure

23
Q

Gabapentin (Neurontin) class

A

antiseizure

24
Q

Gabapentin (Neurontin) used for

A

partial seizures

also clinically perscribed for neuropathic pain

25
Gabapentin (Neurontin) SE
- well tolerated - CNS: somnolence, dizziness, ataxia, fatigue, nystagmus - peripheral edema
26
what is status epilepticus
continuous series of tonic-clonic seizures
27
goals of treatment for status epilepticus
- maintain ventilation - terminate seizure - correct hypoglycemia - initiate or continue long term suppression of drugs
28
"rescue" diazepam routes
- IV - intranasal - rectal - IM
29
Diazepam (Valium) class
benzodiazepine (same family as Xanax) "rescue" antiseizure
30
Diazepam (Valium) MOA
enhance inhibitory effects of GABA
31
Diazepam (Valium) uses
- status epilepticus - muscle relaxant - anxiety
32
Diazepam (Valium) SE
- CNS depression (check resps) | - serious adverse effect: cardiovascular collapse, bradycardia and hypotenion
33
what to check when using Diazepam (Valium)
respirations because it is a CNS depressant