E2 lax Flashcards
bisacodyl (dulcolax) class
stimulant lax (cathartic)
how does bisacodyl (dulcolax) work
- stimulate intestinal motility
- increase amt of water and electrolytes in intestinal lumen
bisacodyl speed
prompt evac of bowel
which lax is widely used and abused
bisacodyl (dulcolax)
bisacodyl is used mainly for
opioid induced constipation and from slow intestinal transit
polyethylene glycol class
bowel cleansing product
what is polyethynene glycol used for
colonoscopy or other
allows good visualization of bowel
how much polyethynene glycole must the pt take
250-300 ml every 10 min for 2-3 hours (until gone)
common adverse effects of polyethynene glycol
- nausea
- bloating
- abdominal discomfort
loperamide (imodium) class
opioid agonist antidiarrheal
structural analog of meperidine
loperamide
what is loperamide used for
- treat diarrhea
- reduce volume of discharge from ileostomies
loperamide is contraindicated for diarrhea caused by what
ingestion of toxins for undiagnosed diarrhea
alosetrone (lotronex) class
IBS specific serotonin antagonist
alosetron (lotronex) is onlly for who
women
major SE of alosetron (lotronex)
gi tox an cause complicated constipation leading to perforation and ischemic colitis
pts must be enrolled in risk management program for which drug
alosetron
magnesium hydroxide (milk of mag) classes
- antacid
- lax
milk of mag speed and duration
rapid, high acid neutralizing capacity, produces long lasting effects
most prominent adverse effect of milk of mag
diarrhea
milk of mag is usually taken with what and why
aluminum hydroxide an antacid that promotes constipation
pts with what should use caution with milk of mag
renal failure
aluminum hydroxide (maalox) class
antacid
aluminum hydroxide (maalox) speed and duration
low ANC and slow acting, long duration
caustion with maalox
has a lot of sodium
SE of maalox
constipation
drug interactions with maalox
tetra, warfarin, digoxin
psyllium (metamucil) class
bulk-forming lax
how does psyllium (metamucil) work
functions like fiber (swell to form gel)
-add bulk
preferred temp treatment of constipation
psyllium (metamucil)
adverse of metamucil (psyllium)
esophageal obstruction
psyllium is used for
diverticulosis and IBS
has minor benefits on BS and cholesterol
psyllium
docusate sodium (colace) class
surfactant lax
colace is often called a what
stool softener
how often does colace produce a stool
several days after onset of treatment
how does colace work
alter stool consistency by lowering surface tension which facilitates penetration of water into poop
cimetidine (tagamet) class
h2 histamine blocker
what is cimetidine (tagamet) used for
first choice for treating gastric and duodenal ulcers
how does cimetidine (tagamet) work
promote healing by supressing secretion of gastric acid
all are equally effective
tagamet
what slows the absorption of tagamet and how to prevent it
slwoed with meals- take one hour from antacids
SE of tagamet
-CNS effects
-Hypot
-dys
(with iv bolus)
omeprazole class
PPI
most effective drugs for supressing secretion of gastric acid
omeprazole
omeprazole increases risk of which events
- fracture
- pneumonia
- acid rebound
- intestinal infection of c. diff
omeprazole is used for what
- gastric/duodenal ulcers,
- GERD
when is prophylaxis indicated with omeprzole
those in the ICU
misoprostol (cytotec) class
prostaglandin analog/synthetic prostaglandin
misoprostol (cytotec) is indicated for
pts who have stomach ulcers due to NSAID use
how does misoprostol (cytotec) work
prostaglandyn synthesis reduce acid production and coats stomach
where else is misoprostol (cytotec) used
in labor to promote dilation of cervix
is abortifacient
misoprostol (dont give to pregnant pts-cause abortion)
most common SE of misoprostol (cytotec)
dose related diarrhea and abdominal pain
sucralfate (carafate) uses
acute ulcers and maintence therapy
why is sucralfate (carafate) not used much
adhearance problems- have to take before each meal and at bedtime
adverse effects of carafate
constipation
drug interactions with sucralfate (carafate)
antacids may interfere
how does carafate work
creates protective barrier for up to 6 hours
