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PHARM > E2 lax > Flashcards

E2 lax Flashcards

1
Q

bisacodyl (dulcolax) class

A

stimulant lax (cathartic)

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2
Q

how does bisacodyl (dulcolax) work

A
  • stimulate intestinal motility

- increase amt of water and electrolytes in intestinal lumen

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3
Q

bisacodyl speed

A

prompt evac of bowel

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4
Q

which lax is widely used and abused

A

bisacodyl (dulcolax)

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5
Q

bisacodyl is used mainly for

A

opioid induced constipation and from slow intestinal transit

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6
Q

polyethylene glycol class

A

bowel cleansing product

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7
Q

what is polyethynene glycol used for

A

colonoscopy or other

allows good visualization of bowel

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8
Q

how much polyethynene glycole must the pt take

A

250-300 ml every 10 min for 2-3 hours (until gone)

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9
Q

common adverse effects of polyethynene glycol

A
  • nausea
  • bloating
  • abdominal discomfort
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10
Q

loperamide (imodium) class

A

opioid agonist antidiarrheal

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11
Q

structural analog of meperidine

A

loperamide

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12
Q

what is loperamide used for

A
  • treat diarrhea

- reduce volume of discharge from ileostomies

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13
Q

loperamide is contraindicated for diarrhea caused by what

A

ingestion of toxins for undiagnosed diarrhea

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14
Q

alosetrone (lotronex) class

A

IBS specific serotonin antagonist

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15
Q

alosetron (lotronex) is onlly for who

A

women

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16
Q

major SE of alosetron (lotronex)

A

gi tox an cause complicated constipation leading to perforation and ischemic colitis

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17
Q

pts must be enrolled in risk management program for which drug

A

alosetron

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18
Q

magnesium hydroxide (milk of mag) classes

A
  • antacid

- lax

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19
Q

milk of mag speed and duration

A

rapid, high acid neutralizing capacity, produces long lasting effects

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20
Q

most prominent adverse effect of milk of mag

A

diarrhea

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21
Q

milk of mag is usually taken with what and why

A

aluminum hydroxide an antacid that promotes constipation

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22
Q

pts with what should use caution with milk of mag

A

renal failure

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23
Q

aluminum hydroxide (maalox) class

A

antacid

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24
Q

aluminum hydroxide (maalox) speed and duration

A

low ANC and slow acting, long duration

25
Q

caustion with maalox

A

has a lot of sodium

26
Q

SE of maalox

A

constipation

27
Q

drug interactions with maalox

A

tetra, warfarin, digoxin

28
Q

psyllium (metamucil) class

A

bulk-forming lax

29
Q

how does psyllium (metamucil) work

A

functions like fiber (swell to form gel)

-add bulk

30
Q

preferred temp treatment of constipation

A

psyllium (metamucil)

31
Q

adverse of metamucil (psyllium)

A

esophageal obstruction

32
Q

psyllium is used for

A

diverticulosis and IBS

33
Q

has minor benefits on BS and cholesterol

A

psyllium

34
Q

docusate sodium (colace) class

A

surfactant lax

35
Q

colace is often called a what

A

stool softener

36
Q

how often does colace produce a stool

A

several days after onset of treatment

37
Q

how does colace work

A

alter stool consistency by lowering surface tension which facilitates penetration of water into poop

38
Q

cimetidine (tagamet) class

A

h2 histamine blocker

39
Q

what is cimetidine (tagamet) used for

A

first choice for treating gastric and duodenal ulcers

40
Q

how does cimetidine (tagamet) work

A

promote healing by supressing secretion of gastric acid

41
Q

all are equally effective

A

tagamet

42
Q

what slows the absorption of tagamet and how to prevent it

A

slwoed with meals- take one hour from antacids

43
Q

SE of tagamet

A

-CNS effects
-Hypot
-dys
(with iv bolus)

44
Q

omeprazole class

A

PPI

45
Q

most effective drugs for supressing secretion of gastric acid

A

omeprazole

46
Q

omeprazole increases risk of which events

A
  • fracture
  • pneumonia
  • acid rebound
  • intestinal infection of c. diff
47
Q

omeprazole is used for what

A
  • gastric/duodenal ulcers,

- GERD

48
Q

when is prophylaxis indicated with omeprzole

A

those in the ICU

49
Q

misoprostol (cytotec) class

A

prostaglandin analog/synthetic prostaglandin

50
Q

misoprostol (cytotec) is indicated for

A

pts who have stomach ulcers due to NSAID use

51
Q

how does misoprostol (cytotec) work

A

prostaglandyn synthesis reduce acid production and coats stomach

52
Q

where else is misoprostol (cytotec) used

A

in labor to promote dilation of cervix

53
Q

is abortifacient

A

misoprostol (dont give to pregnant pts-cause abortion)

54
Q

most common SE of misoprostol (cytotec)

A

dose related diarrhea and abdominal pain

55
Q

sucralfate (carafate) uses

A

acute ulcers and maintence therapy

56
Q

why is sucralfate (carafate) not used much

A

adhearance problems- have to take before each meal and at bedtime

57
Q

adverse effects of carafate

A

constipation

58
Q

drug interactions with sucralfate (carafate)

A

antacids may interfere

59
Q

how does carafate work

A

creates protective barrier for up to 6 hours

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