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PHARM > E3: respiratory > Flashcards

E3: respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Albuterol (Ventolin) class

A

short acting beta 2- adrenergic agonist (SABA)

bronchodilator

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2
Q

Albuterol (Ventolin) action

A

relaxes smooth muscle in airway (dilates bronchioles)

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3
Q

Albuterol (Ventolin) use

A

rescue therapy:

treat asthma attack or immediate prevention (workout)

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4
Q

Albuterol (Ventolin) SE

A

adrenaline type side effects (ie tachy)

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5
Q

use Albuterol (Ventolin) cautiously in

A

cardiovascular disease
diabetes
hyperthyroidism

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6
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent Diskus) class

A

LONG acting beta 2- adrenergic agonist

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7
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent Diskus) use

A

used as a controller med

works for 12 hours

no longer firstline therapy

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8
Q

risk with Salmeterol (Serevent Diskus)

A

increased chances of death compared to other controller meds

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9
Q

SE of Salmeterol (Serevent Diskus)

A

adrenaline type side effects

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10
Q

Beclomethasone Dipropionate (QVAR) class

A

inhaled corticosteroid

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11
Q

Beclomethasone Dipropionate (QVAR)use

A

firstline preventative/controller med

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12
Q

Beclomethasone Dipropionate (QVAR) action

A

antiinflammatory on lining of bronchioles

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13
Q

when to take Beclomethasone Dipropionate (QVAR)

A

taken daily as controller med

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14
Q

what to do after taking Beclomethasone Dipropionate (QVAR)

A

rinse mouth after use to avoid thrush

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15
Q

Beclomethasone Dipropionate (QVAR) not for

A

status asthmaticus

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16
Q

Montelukast (Singulair) class

A

oral antiinflammatory

leukotriene modifier

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17
Q

Montelukast (Singulair) action

A

prevent effect of leukotrienes suppressing inflammation and mucus production

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18
Q

Montelukast (Singulair) use

A

prevention of asthma and seasonal allergy

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19
Q

SE of Montelukast (Singulair)

A
  • HA
  • Gi disturbance
  • liver enzyme elevation
  • suicidal thoughts
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20
Q

Montelukast (Singulair) interactions

A

interacts with theophylline

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21
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent) class

A

inhaled anticholinergic

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22
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent) action

A

blocks accetylcholine from binding to the ACh receptors of bronchi

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23
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent) causes

A

bronchodilator and decreases mucus production

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24
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent) can be used how

A

as an adjunct to rescue or as controller

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25
Q

SE of Ipratropium (Atrovent)

A
  • dry mouth
  • irritation
  • pharynx
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26
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent) is contraindicated in

A
  • BPH
  • narrow angle glaucoma
  • peanut allergy
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27
Q

Theophylline (Theo-24) class

A

methylxanthine

oral bronchodilator

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28
Q

Theophylline (Theo-24) MOA

A

unclear

likely blocks adenosine receptors

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29
Q

Theophylline (Theo-24) use

A

asthma maintenance therapy (controller med)

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30
Q

Theophylline (Theo-24) has what

A

a narrow therapeutic index that may need serum monitoring

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31
Q

Theophylline (Theo-24) interacts

A

with many meds

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32
Q

Theophylline (Theo-24) contraindications

A
  • CV disease
  • seizure disorder
  • PUD
33
Q

Cromolyn (NasalCrom) class

A

mast cell stabilizer

inhaled antiinflammatory (nasalcrom intranasal)

34
Q

Cromolyn (NasalCrom) action

A

inhibits histamine release by stablizing mast cells

35
Q

Cromolyn (NasalCrom) use

A

asthma prevention and seasonal allergies

36
Q

safest asthma med

A

Cromolyn (NasalCrom)

few side effects

37
Q

only side effect of Cromolyn (NasalCrom)

A

throat irritation

38
Q

Cromolyn (NasalCrom) contraindication

A

dysrhythmias

39
Q

Epinephrine class

A

adrenaline

alpha 1, beta 1 and 2 adrenergic

40
Q

Epinephrine action

A

dilates bronchioles, increases BP and HR

41
Q

best and recommended med for anaphylaxis

A

Epinephrine

42
Q

Epinephrine is also used in

A

cardiac arrest

43
Q

Epinephrine interacts with which med

A

beta blockers

44
Q

dosing preferred for anaphylaxis with Epinephrine

45
Q

SE of Epinephrine

A

think adrenaline

46
Q

EPIPEN

A

carry with you at all times

use once known exposure to anaphylactic allergen or earliest symptoms of anaphylaxis

47
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) class

A

1st gen H1 receptor antagonist

48
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) crosses the

A

BBB, CNS and peripheral effects

49
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) has some

A

anticholinergic effects which causes sedatation which is a very common SE

50
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) use

51
Q

dosing for Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

A

requires multiple doses for all day coverage

52
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) will not do what

A

will not knock out histamine that is already in receptor

53
Q

Loratadine (Claritin) class

A

2nd Generation H1 Receptor Antagonist

54
Q

Loratadine (Claritin) working site

A

only works peripherally (doestn cross the BBB)

55
Q

Loratadine (Claritin) doesnt have this side effect

A

non sedating (but it is for some)

56
Q

Loratadine (Claritin) dosing

A

once daily dosing for allergy prevention- increases compliance

57
Q

Loratadine (Claritin) doesnt do what

A

knock out histamine that is already in receptor

58
Q

Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) class

A

alpha adrenergic

decongestant and vasoconstrictor

59
Q

Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) action

A

vasoconstricts vessels in nasal passages, reducing mucus production

60
Q

Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) dosing

A

oral or intranasal for runny nose

61
Q

Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) side effect

A

intranasal can cause rebound nasal congestion upon DC

62
Q

Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) contraindication

A
  • cv disease

- children

63
Q

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) class

64
Q

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) action

A

reacts directly with mucus to make it more wattery

65
Q

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) admin

A

inhaled with nebulizer

66
Q

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) used for

A

cystic fibrosis

COPD

67
Q

CI for Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)

A
  • respiratory insufficiency
  • asthma
  • hx of bronchospasm
68
Q

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) SE

A

aspiration and bronchospasm

69
Q

smells like rotten eggs

A

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)

70
Q

Guaifenesin (Mucinex) class

A

expectorant

71
Q

Guaifenesin (Mucinex) used for

A

relief of productive cough

72
Q

Guaifenesin (Mucinex) action

A

helps loosen, thin and remove mucus

73
Q

Guaifenesin (Mucinex) admin with

A

drink water/push fluids to aid in thinning process

74
Q

use caution with Guaifenesin (Mucinex) in

A
  • older adults
  • those with asthma
  • respiratory disease
75
Q

Dextromethorphan (Delsym) class

A

antitussive

76
Q

Dextromethorphan (Delsym) action

A

suppress the cough reflex by direct action on the cough center in the medulla

77
Q

Dextromethorphan (Delsym) used to

A

suppress non productive cough

during times when cough is dangerous

78
Q

Dextromethorphan (Delsym) SE

A
  • dizziness
  • drowsiness
  • nausea
79
Q

ci for Dextromethorphan (Delsym)

A
  • resp depression

- kids under age 4-6

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