E3: blood drugs

Question 1

Heparin class

Answer 1

anticoagulant

Question 2

Heparin goal

Answer 2

prevent clot or progression of clot

Question 3

Heparin action

Answer 3

prevent clotting by activating antithrombin thus inactivating thrombin and factor Xa (inhibits fibrin formation)

Question 4

Heparin admin

Answer 4

not absorbed in the GI

must be given subq or iv infusion

Question 5

how often are labs done with Heparin

Answer 5

daily to monitor coagulation effects (aPPT)

Question 6

antidote for Heparin

Answer 6

protamine sulfate

Question 7

risk with Heparin

Answer 7

risk for bleeding and life threatening heparin induced thrombocytopenia

Question 8

Enoxaparin (Lovenox) class

Answer 8

anticoagulant

Question 9

Enoxaparin (Lovenox) goal

Answer 9

prevent clot or progression of clot

Question 10

why is Enoxaparin (Lovenox) different than heparin

Answer 10

more predictable anticog response than heparin

Question 11

Enoxaparin (Lovenox) action

Answer 11

Prevent clotting by activating antithrombin, thus indirectly inactivating both
thrombin and factor Xa. This inhibits fibrin formation.

Question 12

Enoxaparin (Lovenox) antidote

Answer 12

protamine sulfate

Question 13

labs with Enoxaparin (Lovenox)

Answer 13

does not require lab monitoring

Question 14

Enoxaparin (Lovenox) admin

Answer 14

Not absorbed by the intestinal tract and must be given by subcutaneous
injection or IV infusion.

Question 15

Warfarin (Coumadin) class

Answer 15

anticoag

Question 16

Warfarin (Coumadin) goal

Answer 16

prevent clot or progression of clot

Question 17

Warfarin (Coumadin) action

Answer 17

antagonizes vitamin K therefor preventing synthesis of four coag factors

Question 18

antidote to Warfarin (Coumadin)

Answer 18

vitamin K

Question 19

how is Warfarin (Coumadin) monitored

Answer 19

by prothrombin time (PT) and INR

Question 20

avoid food with K that may decrease antigoag effects of what

Answer 20

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Question 21

Dabigatran (Pradaxa) class

Answer 21

direct thrombin inhibitor

anticoag

Question 22

Dabigatran (Pradaxa) goal

Answer 22

prevent clot or progression of clot

Question 23

Dabigatran (Pradaxa) antidote

Answer 23

praxibind

Question 24

monitoring for Dabigatran (Pradaxa)

Answer 24

no monitoring

Question 25

Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) class

Answer 25

anticoag direct factor Xa inhibitor

Question 26

Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) goal

Answer 26

prevent clot or progression of clot

Question 27

Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) monitoring

Answer 27

no monitoring required | liver function monitoring

Question 28

Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) antidote

Answer 28

no antidote

Question 29

Aspirin class

Answer 29

antiplatelet

Question 30

Aspirin goal

Answer 30

prevent initial clot formation

Question 31

Aspirin action

Answer 31

blocks thromboxane resulting in slippery platelet that wont aggregate

Question 32

once platelet is bound to ASA is is irreversiblely bound

Answer 32

know this

Question 33

SE of Aspirin

Answer 33

- tinnitus | - GI side effects common

Question 34

Clopidogrel (Plavix) class

Answer 34

anti platelet

Question 35

Clopidogrel (Plavix) goal

Answer 35

prevent initial clot formation

Question 36

Clopidogrel (Plavix) binding is

Answer 36

irreversible

Question 37

Clopidogrel (Plavix) action

Answer 37

Blocks the adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor on the platelet membrane, preventing the platelet from “connecting” with other platelets.

Question 38

Alteplase (Activase) class

Answer 38

thrombolytic or fibrinolytic

Question 39

Alteplase (Activase) goal

Answer 39

eliminate formed clots

Question 40

Alteplase (Activase) action

Answer 40

Binds to fibrin in the thrombus, converting entrapped plasminogen to plasmin, initiating local fibrinolysis

Question 41

Alteplase (Activase) uses

Answer 41

- Stroke - Mi - suspected occlusion

Question 42

risk with Alteplase (Activase)

Answer 42

severe risk for bleeding (hemorrhage)